Lithium-ion batteries require long cycle lives for efficient automobile and stationary applications. Therefore, the lithium-insertion materials used as positive negative electrodes in need to be highly durable. Lithium-insertion normally change their lattice dimensions during charge discharge; therefore, particle fracture leading deterioration of is one greatest hindrances extending life. Despi...

We present here some additions to a fuzzy variable radius niche technique called Dynamic Niche Clustering (DNC) [3, 4 & 5] that enable the identification and creation of niches of arbitrary shape through a mechanism called Niche Linkage. We show that by using this mechanism it is possible to attain better feature extraction from the underlying population.

Information extraction systems are traditionally implemented as a pipeline of special-purpose processing modules targeting the extraction of a particular kind of information. A major drawback of such approach is that whenever a new extraction goal emerges or a module is improved, extraction has to be re-applied from scratch to the entire text corpus even though only a small part of the corpus m...

Heterodyne strategies can be used to characterize thermal coupling in integrated circuits when the electrical bandwidth of the dissipating circuit is beyond the bandwidth of the thermal coupling mechanism. From the characterization of the thermal coupling, two possible applications are described: extraction of characteristics of the dissipating circuit (the determination of the center frequency...

Rule extraction from artiicial neural networks (ANN) provides a mechanism to interpret the knowledge embedded in the numerical weights. Classiication problems with continuous-valued parameters create diiculties in determining boundary conditions for these parameters. This paper presents an approach to locate such boundaries using sensitivity analysis. Inclusion of this decision boundary detecti...

This report proposes a new image segmentation method with a multi-resolution mechanism. In this method, the high accuracy on image edge extraction and image texture evaluation is realized. The proposed method employs the edge extraction based on the average values of intensities in a small image part and also the texture evaluation based on the co-occurrence probability of a local image area. I...

to perform an accurate approach to the spine specially for fracture stabilization a 3d model of spine surgical region may improve this mechanism and it can help the surgeon to have a deeper glance to this scenario. the pre-op planning facility is another advantage of the patient spine specific model to take a chance of making guides to direct pedicle screws safely and increase the pathomechanic...

A mathematical model to explain cations’ solubility of both protic and aprotic ionic liquids in a wide range hydrochloric acid solutions has been developed. The concept this is based on an assumption the mineral extraction into organic phase, formation salt there between liquid cation chloride-anion due ions recombination partial back-extraction. proposed approach allows estimating correspondin...

acetic acid has been applied as an efficient catalyst and a green solvent for the two–component condensation reaction consisting of benzaldehyde, 2-amino-benzamide. the advantages of this protocol was excellent yield, short reaction time, mild reaction conditions, higher availability, low costs, more environmentally friendly, lack of need for column chromatography and simple work-up procedure. ...

the reaction of ch₃nh₂ with o₂ on the singlet potential energy surfaces (pes) was carried out using the b3lyp, ccsd(t) and g3b3 theoretical approaches along with 6-311++g(3df,3pd) basis set. the suggested mechanism for the title reaction consists of one pre-reactive complex. from the pre-reactive complex, nine types of products, ch2nh+h2o2, ch3nh+ooh, nh2cho+h2o, ch2nho+h2o, nh3+hcooh, ch2nh+h2...