BACKGROUND The purposes of this systematic review were to identify and review the orthodontic literature with regard to enamel color alterations after orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. The effects of clean-up procedures on the surface of enamel were also investigated. METHODS We searched the following electronic databases: Medline (1950 to 6 July 2014), EMBASE via OVID (1980 to 6 J...

PURPOSE This study was performed to evaluate the incidence and degree of external apical root resorption of maxillary incisors after orthodontic treatment and to evaluate particular associated factors related to external apical root resorption. MATERIALS AND METHODS The records and maxillary incisor periapical radiographs of 181 patients were investigated. Crown and root lengths were measured...

Cleidocranial dysostosis is a generalized skeletal dysplastic condition and primarily affects the development of the bones and teeth. The genetic etiology lies on chromosome number 6p21, core binding factor (CBFA1). This paper explains the treatment procedure carried out for a sixteen year old female patient diagnosed with cleidocranial dysostosis. Therapy includes surgical removal or exposure ...

Class III malocclusions are considered one of the most complex and difficult orthodontic problems to diagnose and treat. Skeletal and/or dental asymmetries in patients presenting with Class III malocclusions can worsen the prognosis. Recognizing the dentoalveolar and skeletal characteristics of subdivision malocclusions and their treatment possibilities is essential for a favorable nonsurgical ...

T impaction of lower third molars is a common clinical finding, with a prevalence between 9.5% and 39% among different populations.1 Previous studies have indicated that normal eruption of lower third molars may be facilitated by extraction of the premolars before orthodontic treatment.2 Nonextraction therapy has been associated with more “abnormal” eruption of lower third molars compared to ex...

After extraction, space closure is an essential part of orthodontic treatment which needs thorough understanding of biomechanics used for space closure. Orthodont ic appl iances are being ref ined wi th passage of t ime . This re f inement has reduced the physical e f fort pu t for th in treatment , but does not el imina te the need for an orthodont ist to think, unders tand and apply basic pri...

With the increasing number of young adults seeking orthodontic treatment to improve their smile esthetics or oral function, the time spent wearing brackets is one of the biggest challenges for these patients. Various surgical techniques have been developed over the years to accelerate tooth movement and reduce the total treatment time. A newly introduced, minimally invasive procedure namely pie...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Estimation of need and demand for orthodontic treatment is important for both health professionals and health policymakers. Need assessment is traditionally done using experts’ opinions; however, patient-centered evaluation can provide a bigger picture of patient’s esthetic and psychological needs. The willingness to pay (WTP) technique is a potentially valid tool for assess...

objectives : the present study was designed to evaluate the changes in saliva properties and oral microbial flora in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. materials and methods: two important saliva properties namely the salivary flow rate and ph as well as oral microbial flora were assessed in 30 orthodontic patients before starting fixed orthodontic treatment and after six, 12 and ...