Objectives: Despite the limited validity of Sunnybrook grading index, it is routinely used for clinical evaluation facial palsy. This study aimed to assess dynamic asymmetry in unilateral palsy and mathematically validate a modified version system.

Three-dimensional symmetry and coordination are important factors in facial aesthetics, analysis of asymmetry is the basis for clinical diagnosis, treatment, doctor–patient communication. With development three-dimensional measurement data technology, methods mainly based on anatomic landmarks, original-mirror alignment algorithm, anthropometric mask, artificial intelligence. This review summar...

The study of growth and development of the facial profile is of interest to clinicians and researchers in the fields of pediatric dentistry, orthodontics, and craniofacial surgery, enabling diagnosis, planning, and evaluation of treatment. Until recently, craniofacial studies addressed facial growth, facial asymmetry, and gender differences by examining changes in size. However, size changes al...

PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the three-dimensional (3D) facial changes after orthognathic surgery by evaluating the spherical coordinates of facial lines using 3D computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS A 19-year-old girl was diagnosed with class III malocclusion and facial asymmetry. Orthognathic surgery was performed after orthodontic treatment. Facial CT scans were taken befo...

Craniofacial asymmetry is a convergent trait widely distributed across animals that colonize the extreme cave environment. Although craniofacial asymmetry can be discerned easily, other complex phenotypes (such as sensory organ position and numerical variation) are challenging to score and compare. Certain bones of the craniofacial complex demonstrate substantial asymmetry, and co-localize to r...

Attractiveness plays an important role in social exchange and in the ability to attract potential mates, especially for women. Several facial traits have been described as reliable indicators of attractiveness in women, but very few studies consider the influence of several measurements simultaneously. In addition, most studies consider just one of two assessments to directly measure attractive...