In this paper one generalizes the intuitionistic fuzzy logic (IFL) and other logics to neutrosophic logic (NL). The differences between IFL and NL (and the corresponding intuitionistic fuzzy set and neutrosophic set) are: a) Neutrosophic Logic can distinguish between absolute truth (truth in all possible worlds, according to Leibniz) and relative truth (truth in at least one world), because NL(...

First submission on 13/05/13; last submission on 17/06/13; accepted for publication on 17/06/13; published on 20/08/13 1. Assistant professor at Universidade José do Rosário Vellano-Medical School (Unifenas), Belo Horizonte campus. 2. Professor of Surgery at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais-Medical School (UFMG). 3. Associate professor at Faculdade de Saúde e Ecologia Humana de Minas Gerais...

In antiquity, all of the enduring celestial bodies that were seen to move relative background sky stars considered planets. During Copernican revolution, this definition was altered objects orbiting around Sun, removing Sun and Moon but adding Earth list known The concept planet is thus not simply a question nature, origin, composition, mass or size, historically related motion one body other, ...

While until recently they were often considered as exotic objects of dubious existence, in the last decades there have been overwhelming observational evidences for the presence of stellar mass black holes in binary systems, supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies, and possibly, intermediate-mass black holes observed as ultraluminous X-ray sources in nearby galaxies. Black holes are...

In this brief proceedings article I summarize the review talk I gave at the IAU 246 meeting in Capri, Italy, glossing over the well-known results from the literature, but paying particular attention to new, previously unpublished material. This new material includes a careful comparison of the apparently contradictory results of two independent methods used to simulate the evolution of binary p...

RETURNING now to the United States for a consideration of research developments there during the late fifties and early sixties. In reviewing the major publications of the time, one can see that the whole approach to the question of accident proneness was still one of openminded inquiry. Despite a certain amount of despondency over the lack of statistical evidence to support the concept (especi...