The use of nickel-containing alloys in dentistry has been questioned because of the biological liabilities of nickel and the release of nickel ions from dental appliances into the oral cavity. The uptake of nickel by cells in the oral tissues is a critical factor in assessing the biological liabilities of nickel. Nickel uptake by macrophages may be particularly important because of the central ...

Electron microscopy was employed to investigate the structure of magnetic field crystallized (Co1 xFex)89Zr7B4 alloys with only dilute Fe-contents (x=0, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.10). The x=0.025 and 0.05 alloys exhibit very large field induced anisotropies and multiple nanocrystalline phases (BCC, FCC, and HCP) surrounded by an intergranular amorphous phase. Correlation between the volume fraction cr...

The Body Centered Cubic (BCe) and Face Centered Cubic (FCC) lattices along with a set of box splines for sampling and reconstruction of trivariate functions are proposed. The BCC lattice is demonstrated to be the optimal choice of a pattern for generic sampling purposes. While the FCC lattice is the second best choice for this purpose, both FCC and BCC lattices significantly outperform the accu...

:האצרהה ריצקת להל Understanding dislocation nucleation is essential to control plasticity of defect-free specimen. Free surfaces in metallic materials become increasingly important as the dimensions are minimized into the sub-micrometer scale. In result, there is an inverse relation between their strength and the characteristic microstructural length scale. In this talk, we present an atomisti...

Large-scale first-principles density functional theory calculations are performed to investigate the adsorption and diffusion of Ru adatoms on monolayer graphene (G) supported on Ru(0001). The G sheet exhibits a periodic moiré-cell superstructure due to lattice mismatch. Within a moiré cell, there are three distinct regions: fcc, hcp, and mound, in which the C6-ring center is above a fcc site, ...

Although solid Au is usually most stable as a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure, pure hexagonal close-packed (hcp) Au has been successfully fabricated recently. However, the phase stability and mechanical property of this new material are unclear, which may restrict its further applications. Here we present the evidence that hcp → fcc phase transformation can proceed easily in Au by first-pri...

Surface energies and surface elasticity largely affect the mechanical response of nanostructures as well physical phenomena associated with surfaces such evaporation adsorption. Studying at finite temperatures is therefore immense interest for nanoscale applications. However, calculating derived quantities from atomistic ensembles usually limited to zero temperature or involves cumbersome therm...

During the fast switching in Ge2Sb2Te5 phase change memory devices, both the amorphous and fcc crystalline phases remain metastable beyond the fcc and hexagonal transition temperatures respectively. In this work, the metastable electrical properties together with crystallization times and resistance drift behaviour of GST are studied using a high-speed, device-level characterization technique i...

We describe a parameterized family of genetic algorithms for efficient front calculations under uncertainty. Parameters for the algorithms all have clear statistical meaning and serve to reduce the overall computational effort and to ensure solution quality and diversity in the solution set. FCC Report 747-071028-289 v vi FCC Report 747-071028-289

Recent progress in risk assessment of nickel carcinogenicity and its correlation with occupational lung cancer in nickel-exposed workers is reviewed. Epidemiological investigations provide reliable data indicating the close relation between nickel exposure and high lung cancer risk, especially in nickel refineries. The nickel species-specific effects and the dose-response relationship between n...