The rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is considered to be a strictly carnivorous fish species that is metabolically adapted for high catabolism of proteins and low utilization of dietary carbohydrates. This species consequently has a "glucose-intolerant" phenotype manifested by persistent hyperglycemia when fed a high-carbohydrate diet. Gluconeogenesis in adult fish is also poorly, if ever, r...

The effects of iron deficiency on the levels of iron, copper, zinc and magnesium in the brain, liver, kidney, heart and lungs of albino rats (Rattus novergicus) was investigated. Forty rats were divided into two groups and the first group was fed a control diet containing 1.09g iron/kg diet while the test group was fed diet containing 9ppm iron/kg diet. Tissue iron level reduced in all the diet...

We present the Distributed Batch Controller (DBC), a system built to support batch processing of large scientiic datasets. The DBC implements a federation of autonomous workstation pools, which may be widely-distributed. Individual batch jobs are executed using idle workstations in these pools. Input data are staged to the pool before processing begins. We describe the architecture and implemen...

Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is an environmental assessment tool that quantifies the environmental impact associated with a product or a process (e.g., water consumption, energy requirements, and solid waste generation). While LCA is a standard approach in many commercial industries, its application has not been exploited widely in the bioprocessing sector. To contribute toward the design of mor...

Heat generation is a very conspicuous phenomenon in large scale bioreactors and could in principle quite easily be measured by the temperature increase of the cooling water. Taking yeast cultures growing on a mixed oxido-reductive metabolism for various reasons as an example, this paper demonstrates how heat dissipation measurements may be used in combination with one other on-line measurement ...

Alcaligenes latus has been known to produce poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) in a growth-associated manner even under nutrient-sufficient conditions. However, the PHB content obtained by fed-batch culture was always low, at ca. 50%, which makes the recovery process inefficient. In this study, the effect of applying nitrogen limitation on the production of PHB by A. latus was examined. In flask and...

While the nutrient limited fed-batch technology is the standard of the cultivation of microorganisms and production of heterologous proteins in industry, despite its advantages in view of metabolic control and high cell density growth, shaken batch cultures are still the standard for protein production and expression screening in molecular biology and biochemistry laboratories. This is due to t...

OBJECTIVE Hepatic steatosis is the first step leading to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which represents a major complication of obesity. Here, we show that MCT1 haploinsufficient mice resist to hepatic steatosis development when fed a high fat diet. They exhibit a reduced hepatic capacity to metabolize monocarboxylates such as lactate compared to wildtype mice. METHODS To understand how ...

In Electrical power systems in future uninterruptible power supplies or electrical vehicles may employ hybrid energy sources, such as fuel cells and super capacitors. It will be necessary to efficiently draw the energy from these two sources as well as recharge the energy storage elements by the dc bus. In this paper, a bidirectional isolated dc–dc converter controlled by phase-shift angle and ...

Energy homeostasis depends on the regulation of hypothalamic neurons by leptin, an adipocyte hormone whose circulating levels communicate body energy stores. Leptin activates the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) in hypothalamic neurons, including neuronal subtypes producing Agouti-related protein (Agrp), a neuropeptide that stimulates feeding. Prev...