Limited resources compel us to turn to renewable sources, new and old, that are capable of supporting sustainable development of the human society, and satisfying the demand in energy and materials. Plant life is far from being depleted; while its potential in supporting sustainable and renewable feedstock for organic material is great. This review is devoted to the use of biomass in production...

Biocatalysts, capable of efficiently transforming CO2 into other more reduced forms of carbon, offer sustainable alternatives to current oxidative technologies that rely on diminishing natural fossil-fuel deposits. Enzymes that catalyse CO2 fixation steps in carbon assimilation pathways are promising catalysts for the sustainable transformation of this safe and renewable feedstock into central ...

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) perform wastewater treatment and electricity production through the conversion of organic matter using microorganisms. For practical applications, it has been suggested that greater efficiency can be achieved by arranging multiple MFC units into physical stacks in a cascade with feedstock flowing sequentially between units. In this paper, we investigate the use of co...

There are various uncertain parameters in the techno-economic assessments (TEAs) of biodiesel production, including capital cost, interest rate, feedstock price, maintenance rate, biodiesel conversion efficiency, glycerol price and operating cost. However, fewer studies focus on the influence of these parameters on TEAs. This paper investigated the effects of these parameters on the life cycle ...

This study reveals the effect of TiB₂ particles on the mechanical and tribological properties of Fe₃Al-TiB₂ composite coatings against an alumina counterpart. The feedstock was produced by milling Fe₃Al and TiB₂ powders in a high energy ball mill. The high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) technique was used to deposit the feedstock powder on a steel substrate. The effect of TiB₂ addition on mechanical ...

To have all-year-round available feedstock, whole-crop maize is harvested premature, when it still contains enough moisture for the anaerobic ensiling process. Silage preparation is a well-known procedure for preserving plant material. At first, this method was applied to obtain high-quality animal feed. However, it was found that such ensiled crops are very suitable for bioenergy production. M...

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) particles account for 40 to 45% of worldwide gasoline production. The hierarchical complex particle pore structure allows access of long-chain feedstock molecules into active catalyst domains where they are cracked into smaller, more valuable hydrocarbon products (for example, gasoline). In this process, metal deposition and intrusion is a major cause for irrevers...

Introduction Assessing the feasibility of developing a strong biofuel industry around biomass feedstock requires a comprehensive evaluation of agronomic, environmental, social and economic factors. An encompassing assessment of the sustainability of biomass production as a feedstock for a developing bioenergy sector is complex due to the multiple dimensions involved in a complete evaluation of ...

Lignocellulosic biomass is a promising feedstock for ethanol production, but lignin, a polyphenol, hampers the use of enzymes for its saccharification; pretreatment is thus key to preparing such feedstock. Ozonation was previously demonstrated as an effective pretreatment, but claimed to be uneconomical due to the assumed need for lignin mineralization. We analyzed, for the first time, ozonatio...

The efficacy of activation methods and coupling were studied in the context of performance in batch and fixed bed binding experiments utilizing cell culture fluids or blood plasma as feedstock. Conclusions were drawn regarding selection of solid phase according to pore size, rigidity, pH stability, Chemistry of derivation and activation, and gross concentration of immobilized ligand require...