The placenta forms a selective barrier that functions to transport nutrients that are of critical use to the fetus. Nutrient transport across the placenta is regulated by many different active transporters found on the surface of both maternal and fetal facing membranes of the placenta. The presence of these transporters in the placenta has been implicated in the facilitation of nutrient diffus...

I. In eight females, serum urea concentrations of 134-336 ml\l/l. were interpreted as indications of previous environmental salinities. 2. Fetal serum solute concentrations usually resembled those of the mother, but in two cases where fetal urea was higher, it was interpreted as a lag in urea reduction following movement from salt to fresh water. 3. Uterine fluid was similar to maternal serum i...

Intrauterine fetal demise due to utero-placental insufficiency usually occurs between obstetric evaluations when the gestation is not being actively monitored. Rapid advances in the development of “wearable” physiologic monitors linked to smart phone apps allow us to envision novel methods for evaluating the health of a pregnancy, potentially allowing intervention before fetal death or damage f...

Fetus papyracie in a triplet pregnancy is indeed rare and can pose serious management challenges. These challenges are more pronounced where facilities for monitoring are either inadequate or nonexistent. A 39-year-old, grand multipara multipara was referred to the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital at 27 weeks gestation with preterm contractions. Materno fetal monitoring did not reveal ...

17O-MRI is expected to have clinical applications owing its high biocompatibility and ability directly track water movement. Fetuses grow with an active exchange of the mother ; therefore, understanding dynamics mother-fetus amniotic fluid cycle important. However, movement cannot be measured using echocardiography, Gd contrast-enhanced MRI contraindicated in pregnant women. In this study, 17O-...

In 1999, a highly publicized report from the Institute of Medicine identified major deficiencies in the United States health care system, which fueled the rapid growth of the modern patient safety movement. One of the greatest risks to patient safety in obstetrics is poor communication of electronic fetal heart rate monitoring findings. Standardization and elimination of unnecessary complexity ...

OBJECTIVE The bidirectional nature of mother-child interaction is widely acknowledged during infancy and childhood. Prevailing models during pregnancy focus on unidirectional influences exerted by the pregnant woman on the developing fetus. Prior work has indicated that the fetus also affects the pregnant woman. Our objective was to determine whether a maternal psychophysiological response to s...

Although cardiotocography (CTG) is the most commonly used method in perinatal monitoring. there are still some difficulties surrounding its interpretation. In many cases an unequivocal diagnosis is not possible without additional physiological information. The reasons may be either physiological or due to shortcomings of existing instrumentation. A typical example is shown in Figure 1, where th...

Objective. To show that pulsed ultrasound from a clinical ultrasonic imaging system can stimulate the fetus. Stimulation is defined mainly as increased fetal gross body movements in response to excitation. Methods. Fetuses of a group of 9 volunteer women (mean gestational age, 33.37 weeks; range, 25–40 weeks) were evaluated for body movement under 3 different conditions: (1) control, with no ul...