Robust rank-based methods are proposed for the analysis of data from multi-center clinical trials using a mixed model (including covariates) in which the treatment effects are assumed to be fixed and the center effects are assumed to be random. These rankbased methods are developed under the usual mixed model structure but without the normality assumption of the random components in the model. ...

This paper uses player/match level data drawn from five playing seasons of the English Premiership League (EPL) to test for the presence of a refereeing susceptibility to social pressure in the application of soccer’s commonest sanction, the yellow disciplinary card. Using both player-specific fixed and random effects models, tentative support for the proposition is uncovered. The estimated eff...

Repeated measures refer to the observations taken on the same subject (plant, animal, person, etc). There is usually a variation among the subjects, which is modeled by random effects. Here is an example. A completely randomized design with a single factor (with fertilizer or without). Each treatment is applied to three plants and the root length of each plant is measured on five occasions (wee...

Estimation of parameters and random effects using true maximum likelihood methods is compared to the commonly used penalized maximum likelihood method. The simulated catch-at-age datasets have all conceivable noise in stock and fishing dynamics in addition to the observation error on the catch. Improvement is modest in simple models but refinements that are only possible with these methods prov...

For inferences from random-effect models Lee and Nelder (1996) proposed to use hierarchical likelihood (h-likelihood). It allows inference from models that may include both fixed and random parameters. Because of the presence of unobserved random variables h-likelihood is not a likelihood in the Fisherian sense. The Fisher likelihood framework has advantages such as generality of application, s...

In this paper we consider the relation between the volume deceleration parameter obtained within the Buchert averaging scheme and the deceleration parameter derived from supernova observation. This work was motivated by recent findings that showed that there are models which despite having Λ = 0 have volume deceleration parameter qvol < 0. This opens the possibility that back-reaction and avera...

background and objectives: electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields can act as stress factors with different effects on biological systems. due to the nutritional and medicinal values, and the increasing electromagnetic radiations, the present study was performed to investigate the effects of the electromagnetic field on the developmental stages and cytotoxic properties of okra. methods: b...

We use data on the largest U.S.-based franchised chains, measured by worldwide sales, from 1998 to 2007, to explore scale and scope (or spillovers) effects. Because franchised chains are fundamentally single-product or single-concept entities that usually continue to be developed separately when they belong to multi-chain firms, we can distinguish scale from scope effects much better than in mo...