OBJECTIVES To estimate oculometric parameters of Graves' ophthalmopathy in comparison to healthy eyes using digital photography and digital image analysis. INTRODUCTION Graves' ophthalmopathy is the main cause of eye proptosis. Because these protrusions cause clinically perceived distortions in orbital architecture, digital photographs can be used to detect and quantify these changes. METHO...

BACKGROUND The shapes of the eyebrow and upper eyelid are distinctive facial landmarks. In cosmetic and reconstructive procedures, maintenance of the anatomical relations of these landmarks ensures a pleasing postoperative appearance. OBJECTIVES The authors establish normal values for eyelid anthropometry in an Indian population. METHOD This prospective study included 216 patients between t...

We read with interest the article entitled “Volumetric thin-section CT: evaluation of pulmonary interlobar fissures” by Guan et al. (1) in the Nov-Dec 2015 issue of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology. The authors gave detailed information about interlobar fissures, their incompleteness, relationship to vascular structures, CT appearance, and defect location. The interlobar fissures and the...

BACKGROUND Nipple fissure is a common problem in breastfeeding women, and the main reason for the early discontinuation of breastfeeding. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of Saqez (Pistacia atlantica) ointment on the treatment of nipple fissure and nipple pain in breastfeeding women. METHODS This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 100 subjects admitted to the health centers in Tehr...

Background:Anal fissure is quite a common and painful condition which occurs in all age groups and in both genders. The treatment options are numerous; however, broadly it may be surgical and nonsurgical. Among surgical, most commonly performed procedure is Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (LIS), while among non-surgical most common in use of Glycerin Trinitrate gel (GTN) Aim:To compare the succ...

Resin-based pit-and-fissure sealants are often used to form a barrier on the occlusal surface of molars to treat caries lesions; however, bacteria can remain in the pit and fissures without detection, increasing the risk of secondary caries. Sealants with antimicrobial properties or microbial repellent actions might be advantageous. The aim of this study was to assess the inhibitory effect of a...

Anal fissure is one of the most common as well as widespread benign diseases of the anus. Fissure development is initiated by a mechanical injury that is induced by hard faecal mass and remains unhealed if the blood flow in the tissue surrounding the fissure is reduced and the relaxation of the internal anal sphincter is impaired. Conservative treatment is administered as the initial treatment ...

PURPOSE Many kinds of substances are produced on vascular endothelial activation. The aim of this study is to confirm an increase in Endothelin-1 (ET-1), the most potent vasoconstrictor, which is produced by endothelial activation, in patients with chronic anal fissure and to infer the relationship between ET-1 and anal fissure chronicity. METHODS The study groups are divided into three diffe...

AIMS To determine the effectiveness and safety of topical glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) in the management of acute anal fissure in children. METHODS Individual children were randomised to receive GTN paste or placebo for six weeks in addition to oral senna and lactulose. Patients took laxatives alone for a further 10 weeks. Each week a research nurse telephoned families to assess pain scores and ...

Unlike other sensory systems, the cortical organization of the human vestibular system is not well established. A central role is assumed for the region of the posterior Sylvian fissure, close to the posterior insula. At this site, activation during vestibular stimulation has been observed in previous imaging studies and labeled as the parieto-insular vestibular cortex area (PIVC). However, ves...