In patients with severe emphysema, bronchoscopic lung volume reduction using one-way valves is a promising therapeutic option to improve lung function and quality of life. The goal of this treatment is to achieve a complete lobar atelectasis. In a significant proportion of patients, this atelectasis cannot be achieved due to interlobar collateral ventilation. This collateral ventilation is gene...

Purpose Basement membrane degradation and macrophage aggregation at the optic fissure margins are crucial to optic fissure closure during normal murine eye development. Basement membrane degradation is also an essential step in cancer development, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role. In this study, we investigated MMP alteration at the degrading basement membrane of opti...

PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the effect of different cleaning methods and the use of post-etching drying agents, as well as the influence of fissure types on the microleakage and penetration ability of fissure sealants. METHODS Ninety extracted human molar teeth were randomly divided into 9 groups of 10 each. The treatment groups were defined by the combination ...

purpose: to compare the results of two different methods of frontalis suspension using fascia lata in congenital ptosis. methods: in a randomized clinical trial, double triangle sling was compared with single triangle sling using fascia lata. eight patients with unilateral and 11 patients with bilateral congenital ptosis were randomly assigned for each procedure. results: there was no statistic...

Proper surgical management of anal fistula demands sound clinical judgment and extraordinary care to prevent incontinence and adequate postoperative pain control and provide satisfactory resolution to optimize quality of life. Fecal incontinence can be a devastating complication of procedures performed for fistula in ano. We report a unique case in which temporary incontinence (for less than 4 ...

OBJECTIVE Surgical approaches to ambient cistern lesions are complex. We investigated the microanatomy of the transtemporal-transchoroidal fissure approach to the ambient cistern with emphasis on exposure of the posterior cerebral artery. METHODS Dissections were performed bilaterally in five silicone-injected cadaveric heads. Critical anatomic distances, specifically with reference to the P2...

Most human beings will do almost anything to prolong their existence or to relieve themselves from the suffering of a disease. Others will do anything to exploit these desires by selling what they claim to be magical remedies or panacea for all diseases-even for the incurable ones. Quack is one of the several names used for practitioners or peddlers using supposedly ineffective medicines while ...

Colorectal cancer exfoliates cancer cells into the lumen of the bowel, and possibly, raw bowel mucosa should provide a good medium for the exfoliated cancer cells. We report an extremely rare case of a sigmoid carcinoma metastasizing to a low fistula in ano. The patient was operated on for a fistula in ano. Biopsy demonstrated a moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma. Thereafter, sigmoidoscopy ...