UV flash processes, also referred to as isoenergetic-isochoric flash processes, occur for dynamic simulation and optimization of vapor-liquid equilibrium processes. Dynamic optimization and nonlinear model predictive control of distillation columns, certain two-phase flow problems, as well as oil reservoirs with significant compositional and thermal effects may be conducted as dynamic optimizat...

FLASH Radiotherapyは超高線量率照射のことであり，「障害が軽減される特性」を有している。そのため，放射線治療の今までの概念を覆すものであり，臨床応用ができれば，放射線治療分野でパラダイムシフトとなる潜在的可能性を秘めている。本総説では，背景，生物学的内容，メカニズムや臨床応用へ向けた取り組みなどについて紹介する。

1. Electroretinographic (ERG) methods were used to investigate the effects of background illumination on the responses of mouse rod photoreceptors in vivo. A paired-flash procedure, involving the recording and analysis of the ERG a-wave response to a bright probe flash presented after a brief test flash, was used to derive the rod response to the test flash in steady background light. A related...

Four experiments investigated how observers' consciousness about their control of stimulus change affects the visual perception associated with the illusory flash-lag effect. In previous study (Ichikawa and Masakura, 2006), we found that the flash-lag effect in motion is reduced if observers were conscious that they were controlling stimulus movements by the use of computer mouse, even if the s...

Light-based hair removal (photoepilation) has been applied by dermatologists and in beauty parlours since more than a decade. A few photoepilation devices for at-home use have been commercialized quite recently or will be available soon. For these it is a major challenge to reduce the time needed for treating large areas of the body like the legs. Operating these devices in Track-and-Flash mode...

Flash/noflash pairs have been studied as a simple mechanism for supplying less-noisy information for dark areas of an ambient-light image. This research direction also includes image pairs or sequences of nighttime or obscured imagery such as surveillance video. Ambient imagery has some advantages over flash images, in general, in that a flash can create harsh or unpleasing effects, and can als...

Typically, flash floods are studied ex post facto in response to a major impact event. A complement to field investigations is developing a detailed database of flash flood events, including minor events and null reports (i.e., where heavy rain occurred but there was no flash flooding), based on public survey questions conducted in near-real time. The Severe hazards analysis and verification ex...

FlashTM is experiencing a breathtaking growth and has become one of the prevailing media formats on the Web. Unfortunately, no research effort has been dedicated to automatic retrieval of Flash movies by content, which is critical to the utilization of the enormous Flash resource. A close examination reveals that the intrinsic complexity of a Flash movie, including its heterogeneous components,...