The paper presents an imaging reflectometer designed to detect flicker-induced reflectance changes of the ocular fundus. The system is based on a modified fundus camera completely controlled by a personal computer via USB interface. The system allows in-vivo functional imaging of the ocular fundus in the near-infrared region with flicker light stimulus in the visible spectrum.

The validation of any new model of the human response to flicker requires proper experimental data. Recently, studies have been carried out with the intent of achieving information relevant to the state of annoyance of a human being subjected to light flicker by analyzing the modification of the pupil size. Indeed, it is well known that pupil diameter changes according to the luminous flux vari...

Mobile devices are left in sleep mode for long periods of time. But even while in sleep mode, the contents of DRAM memory need to be periodically refreshed, which consumes a significant fraction of power in mobile devices. This paper introduces Flicker, an application-level technique to reduce refresh power in DRAM memories. Flicker enables developers to specify critical and non-critical data i...

Early studies on Rpe65 knockout mice reported that remaining visual function was attributable to cone function. However, this finding has been challenged more and more as time has passed. Electroretinograms (ERGs) showed that rd12 mice, a spontaneous animal model of RPE65 Leber's congenital amaurosis, had sizeable photopic responses. Unfortunately, the recorded ERG waveform was difficult to int...

PURPOSE The complement factor H (CFH) tyrosine 402 histidine (Y402H, rs1061170) variant is known to be significantly associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Whether this genetic variant may impact retinal blood flow regulation is largely unknown. This study investigated whether flicker-induced vasodilation, an indicator for the coupling between neural activity and blood flow, is...

Axial eye growth rates in the chicken are controlled by local retinal image-processing circuits. These circuits quantify the loss of contrast for different spatial frequencies and promote axial eye growth rates in correlation with the amount of retinal image degradation ("deprivation myopia"). They also distinguish whether the plane of focus lies in front of or behind the retina. How the sign o...

We investigated whether responses from different cone classes are combined before or after the nonlinearity that is responsible for generating nonlinear response components of the flicker electroretinogram (ERG). We measured the nonlinear response of the retina while systematically varying the modulation in the long-wavelength-sensitive and middle-wavelength-sensitive cones by changing the prop...

PURPOSE To correlate retinal function with vascular response to flicker light in normotensive patients with diabetes without diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS Twenty-eight normotensive patients with diabetes (11 with type 1, 17 with type 2) without DR and 28 sex- and age-matched healthy control subjects underwent color vision and contrast sensitivity testing, pattern, full-field, and multifo...

The visual P300 brain-computer interface (BCI), a popular system for electroencephalography (EEG)-based BCI, uses the P300 event-related potential to select an icon arranged in a flicker matrix. In earlier studies, we used green/blue (GB) luminance and chromatic changes in the P300-BCI system and reported that this luminance and chromatic flicker matrix was associated with better performance an...

One of the most important tasks of the visual system is the extraction of edges and object contours, and the integration of discrete elements to form a coherent global percept. A great deal is known about the spatial properties of contour extraction, but less is known about the dynamics and spatio-temporal aspects. We used Gabor-rendered outlines of real-world objects, where we could manipulate...