BACKGROUND Although brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) predicts recurrent cardiovascular events, its predictive value for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in adults free of CVD is not well established. We assessed the predictive value of FMD for incident CVD events in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). METHODS AND RESULTS Brachial artery FMD was measured i...

Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus is an arthropod-borne rhabdovirus and causing acute febrile illness disease in cattle water buffalo. Foot-and-mouth (FMD) a highly infectious viral of mammals has great potential for severe economic loss susceptible cloven-hoofed animals. FMD BEF vaccines are widely used countries where both diseases seen together. This study was carried out to determine the i...

SINCE THE INTRODUCTION OF brachial artery reactivity testing in 1992 by Celermajer et al. (1), the measurement of endothelial function with the use of high-frequency ultrasonography of the brachial artery has proven to be an effective research tool for the assessment of cardiovascular risk (16). To date, 12 publications have demonstrated that endothelial dysfunction as measured by impaired flow...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Retinal vascular caliber changes have been shown to predict stroke, but the underlying mechanism of this association is unknown. We examined the relationship between retinal vascular caliber with brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD), a measure of systemic endothelial function. METHODS The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) is a population-based study of perso...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the extent to which music may affect endothelial function. In previous research, a link between music and physiologic parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure has been observed. METHODS Randomized four-phase crossover and counterbalanced trial in ten healthy, nonsmoking volunteers (70% male; mean age, 35.6 years) that included self-selections of music evoking joy...

AIM OF THE STUDY Endothelial function as assessed by brachial artery flow mediated vasodilatation (FMD) has been shown to be impaired in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Since diabetes mellitus (DM) has been considered to be CAD risk-equivalent, we sought to determine whether endothelial dysfunction is present in patients with DM independent of presence of CAD. METHODOLOGY One hun...

OBJECTIVE To assess the likelihood of an introduction of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) into the Malaysia-Thailand-Myanmar (MTM) peninsula through terrestrial movement of livestock. ANIMALS 89,294 cattle and buffalo legally moved into the MTM peninsula. PROCEDURES A quantitative risk assessment was conducted by use of a stochastic simulation. Patterns of livestock movement were ascertained th...

INTRODUCTION It is unknown if there are limb differences in vascular function during prolonged sitting. PURPOSE This study was designed to test whether the effects of prolonged sitting on brachial artery (BA) and the superficial femoral artery (SFA) are similar. METHODS Twelve men (24.2 ± 4 yrs.) participated in a 3 hr prolonged sitting trial (SIT). SFA and BA flow mediated dilation (FMD) a...

INTRODUCTION Systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and arterial thickening contribute to the elevated cardiovascular risk of dialysis patients. However, the course of these derangements and their relative contribution to the cardiovascular risk of nondialysed chronic kidney disease (CKD) are scarcely investigated. METHODS Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and intima-media thickness (IMT...

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a primary transboundary livestock disease of international concern. Outbreaks of the disease have recently occurred in several countries that were previously FMD-free. For countries with limited direct experience of this disease, modelling is a useful tool for the study of a potential outbreak. The objectives of this study were to determine specific FMD risk para...