Beauty treatment for skin requires a high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) transducer to generate coagulative necrosis in a small focal volume (e.g., 1 mm³) placed at a shallow depth (3-4.5 mm from the skin surface). For this, it is desirable to make the F-number as small as possible under the largest possible aperture in order to generate ultrasound energy high enough to induce tissue coagu...

A 20-week-old male Sprague Dawley rat noted with decreased body weight, dyspnea, and anorexia beginning 2 days before death was necropsied in the recovery period of a sub-chronic toxicity study. The heart was severely enlarged (30 × 20 × 20 mm), 3-4 times larger than normal, with an approximately 6 mm wide defect in the upper, membranous portion of the ventricular septum. Both ventricles measur...

Stroke is a major complication of cardiovascular surgery, resulting in over 100,000 deaths and over a million postoperative encephalopathies annually in the US and Europe. While mitigating damage from stroke after it occurs has proven elusive, opportunities to reduce the incidence and/or severity of stroke prior to surgery in at-risk individuals remain largely unexplored. We tested the potentia...

Gao, Baochong, Thomas M. Saba, and Min-Fu Tsan. Role of v 3-integrin in TNF-induced endothelial cell migration. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 283: C1196–C1205, 2002. First published June 26, 2002; 10.1152/ajpcell.00064.2002.— Tumor necrosis factor(TNF), one of the major inflammatory cytokines, is known to influence endothelial cell migration. In this study, we demonstrate that exposure of calf pulm...

In this study, we investigated the impact of intracerebral delivery of chemotherapy on functional recovery from focal cortical tissue displacement, characteristic of brain tumors. Unilateral focal brain compression was induced by epidural implantation of an inverted hemisphere-shaped bead over the sensorimotor cortex. Microinjections of a total of 1mg chemoagent fluorouracil or the same volume ...

liver lesion is a common condition, which often detect incidentally. a large proportion of liver masses can be diagnosed by progression in imaging modalities. although, definite diagnosis of liver mass's nature can be made by biopsy of lesion and histopathologic examination, but with imaging findings, we can approach to the diagnosis. in this study, we review many valuable articles and scientif...

pervious studies have shown that pentoxifylline (ptx) has beneficial effects in reduction of stroke and brain trauma injuries in experimental animals. however, there is very little and controversial information about the effect of ptx on brain edema in cerebral ischemia. therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of different doses of ptx on brain edema and neurological motor...

introduction: anesthetic agents, blood pressure, arterial ph and blood gases have found to influence on the pathophysiology of experimental stroke. despite, there are very few comparative studies about effects of anesthetic agents in animal model of cerebral ischemia. therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of chloral hydrate and pentobarbital anesthesia, as comparative study, on ...

The most relevant mycotoxin from the trychotecene group, T-2, causes prominent citotoxic effects. The toxin is a secondary product of fungi from the genus Fusarium that contaminates feed. Oraly intaken, T-2 is absorbed fast in the upper digestive system and within only 3 to 4 hours later reaches liver, kidneys and muscle tissue. Clinical and pathological changes are sometimes not obvious. The c...

CONTEXT Experimental models of acute pancreatitis have been developed in order to understand its pathophysiology and extrapancreatic manifestations. OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to study sequential changes in the pancreas and distant organs in sodium taurocholate-induced acute pancreatitis in a rat model. ANIMALS Sixteen male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g. DESIGN The rats wer...