A programming technique for controlling the floating gates (FG) in ultra low-voltage (ULV) floating-gate circuits is presented. Simple ultra low-voltage floatinggate current scaling and level shifting circuits are discussed. The current scaling and level shifting are accomplished using only minimum sized transistors and floating capacitors. Floating-gate current multiplier and divider circuits ...

This paper presents Coherent Pulse Width Modulation as a computing technique used in hardware implementations of Arti cial Neural Systems. Its performance are analyzed theoretically and simulated. Results are compared against those of analog ones, for the two speci c cases of a multiplier and a data transmission line. It is shown that the two methods are comparable in terms of performance, alth...

A novel relaxation labeling (RL) algorithm is proposed. RL is posed as a constrained optimization problem and the solution is found by using the Lagrangian multiplier method and a technique used in the graded Hoppeld neural network. In terms of the optimized objective value, the algorithm performs almost as well as simulated annealing, as shown by the experimental results. Also, the resulting a...

A power-efficient 8-bits digital adder using the new arithmetic A2 redundant binary representation is presented. This structure is very suitable for implementation in VLSI of mixed-signal circuits built around Multiplier Digital to Analog Converter (MDAC) cells. Using a reduced transistor count Full-Adder cells shows that our approach significantly reduces the power consumption of such adders c...

A low-voltage and low-power current mode analog multiplier/divider design is presented in this paper. The based on operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) utilizing dynamic threshold MOS (DTMOS) structure consists of only three OTAs. circuit has the ability consuming low power requiring voltage supplies. 0.13µm IBM CMOS technology parameters are used to simulate suggested simulation result...

Aim. To evaluate the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) changes in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients using spectral domain optic coherence tomography (Sd-OCT). Methods. We retrospectively examined medical records of forty-four eyes of twenty-two RP patients. The results were also compared with those of previously reported forty-four eyes of twenty-two normal subjects (controls). Re...