Water in oil emulsion fowl cholera vaccine was prepared using Montanide ISA-70-VG oil as alternative adjuvant to the used white mineral oil with span-80. The two vaccines were comparatively evaluated in SPF chickens. Each vaccine was inoculated in a group of 40 chickens while the third group of 40 chickens was kept as non-vaccinated control. It was noticed that the Montanide ISA-70-VG formulate...

Fowl and turkey spermatozoa, when diluted in a glutamate-based medium and incubated at 40\s=deg\Cunder aerobic conditions showed a similar rate of oxygen utilization and maintained similar cellular ATP concentrations. Under anaerobic conditions, the glycolytic metabolism of fowl spermatozoa was sufficient to maintain a high ATP concentration, whilst turkey spermatozoa had a much lower glycolyti...

INTRODUCTION.................................................................................. STRUCTURE OF THE MODEL VIRUSES............................................................ 1 Maus-Elberfeld Virus......................................................................... 1 Fowl Plague Virus ........................................................................... 2 Newcastle Disease...

a survey of helminth parasites of domestic fowl carried out in faisalabad (pakistan) between 1994 and 1996 showed a high prevalence of nemaodes infestation in broiler and local poultry. ascardia galli and heterakis spp. were more prevalent in both groups of birds. syngamus tracheae and capillaria spp. were also present in both groups . raillietina spp. were the only cestode found in both the gr...

inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) has been reported in many countries in the world. the ibh or similar cases characterized by hepatitis and presence of intra-nuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes have not been reported in broiler chickens in iran. this is the first report on outbreak of adenovirus-like inclusion body hepatitis in iran. on october 2012, an onset of high acute mortality in a flock...

in order to show the type and severity of gross and histopathologic lesions induce by vaccinal strain (serotype a1) of pateurella mulocida, ten four-week-old spf chickens were inoculated intramuscularly with 75 cfu of ( 0.5 ml of 10-7 dilution) bacterium. all birds died in less than 16 hours. no prominent gross lesions were observed in different organs. in microscopic examination, the most comm...

This experiment was to investigate the age-related changes in hormonal concentration and biochemical constituents of blood plasma in Indian native desi fowl. One hundred and sixty two (54 from each breed, i.e., Kadaknath (KN), Aseel peela (AP), and White leghorn (WLH)) day-old female chicks were randomly divided into nine groups each of 18 chicks (3 groups × 3 replicates). WLH was taken in this...

The ability of birds to perform effective jumps may play an important role in predator avoidance and flight initiation. Jumping can provide the vertical acceleration necessary for a rapid takeoff, which may be particularly important for ground-dwelling birds such as phasianids. We hypothesized that by making use of elastic energy storage and release, the leg muscles could provide the large powe...

The avian embryo develops within an eggshell which limits the rate of gaseous exhange between the bloodstream and the environment. In the latter half of normal incubation a considerable respiratory disturbance develops so that in the blood of the embryonic fowl the PCOi rises from 20 to 60 mmHg within about 8 days (Dawes & Simkiss, 1969; Freeman & Misson, 1970). A variation of this magnitude in...