Topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is approved for the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis. However, 5-FU suffers from poor skin permeation. Microneedles have been successfully applied to improve the skin permeability of small and large molecules, and even nanoparticles, by creating micron-sized pores in the stratum corneum layer of the skin. In this report, the feasi...

Background: Plant N-alkylamides (NAAs) are bio-active compounds with a broad functional spectrum. In order to reach their pharmacodynamic targets, they have to overcome several barriers of the body in the absorption phase. The permeability kinetics of spilanthol (a diene NAA) and pellitorine (a triene NAA) across these barriers (i.e. skin, oral/gut mucosa, bloodbrain barrier) were investigated....

Franz Volhard was the dominant German clinician in the first half of this century. His work placed the classification of renal disease on a firm, pathologically oriented footing and gave the syndrome of uremia meaning in terms of not only renal dysfunction but also with respect to the participation of other organ systems. Furthermore, Volhard elucidated the pathogenesis of hypertension and stim...

Abstract In this study, the microscale thermal propagation behavior of cold-rolled aluminum alloy sheets was characterized using a thermoreflectance (TR) method from micro and macro perspectives, relationship between crystallite sizes with different rolling reduction rates their characteristics described. The were analyzed by X-ray diffraction Scherrer’s equation. these specimens measured TR hi...

Based on examination of the type series, Scydmoraphes rothangensis Franz is transferred to Stenichnus Thomson, resulting in Stenichnus (s. str.) rothangensis (Franz) comb. n. Structural details of this intriguing Himalayan species are illustrated in detail and compared with those of allied genera, and a redescription is given.

in this paper, a non-isothermal two-phase flow in the cathode gas diffusion layer (gdl) of pem fuel cell is modeled. the governing equations including energy, mass and momentum conservation equations are solved by numerical methods. also, the optimal values of the effective parameters such as the electrodes porosity, gas diffusion layer (gdl) thickness and inlet relative humidity are calculated...

Transdermal drug delivery is an alternative route for systemic drug delivery which minimizes the absorption and increases the bioavailability. Orally Clopidogrel bisulfate has a short elimination half-life (7-8 hrs.), low oral bioavailability (50%) undergoes extensive first pass metabolism (85%) and frequent high doses (75 mg) are required to maintain the therapeutic level as a result, dose dev...

BACKGROUND The two types of skin aging (intrinsic and extrinsic) share important molecular features, while having distinct differences on the macromolecular level: both lead to increased production of reactive oxygen species, enhanced matrix metalloproteinase expression and decreased procollagen synthesis. L-Carnitine L-tartrate has been reported to have anti-aging effects. AIM AND METHODS Th...

In this paper, a non-isothermal two-phase flow in the cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) of PEM fuel cell is modeled. The governing equations including energy, mass and momentum conservation equations are solved by numerical methods. Also, the optimal values of the effective parameters such as the electrodes porosity, gas diffusion layer (GDL) thickness and inlet relative humidity are calculated...