self-desiccation is the major source of autogenous shrinkage and crack formation in low water-binder ratio (w/b) concretes which can be reduced by internal curing. in this paper performance of high strength self consolidating concrete (hs-scc) with w/b of 0.28 and 0.33 including autogenous shrinkage, drying shrinkage, compressive strength, and resistance to freezing-thawing was investigated. th...

Background: Freezing is a common and ancient method for preservation of foods which is applicable both under household and industrial conditions. The objective of the study was to establish histological and microbiological changes in dorsal and abdominal muscles of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after freezing once and twice. Methods: Forty-five fresh rainbow trout specimens were distribu...

BACKGROUND Cryoelectrolysis is a new minimally invasive tissue ablation surgical technique that combines the ablation techniques of electrolytic ablation with cryosurgery. The goal of this study is to examine the hypothesis that electrolysis can take place in a frozen aqueous saline solution. METHOD To examine the hypothesis we performed a cryoelectrolytic ablation protocol in which electroly...

During winter, trees have to cope with harsh conditions, including extreme freeze-thaw stress. This study focused on ice nucleation and propagation, related water shifts and xylem cavitation, as well as cell damage and was based on in situ monitoring of xylem (thermocouples) and surface temperatures (infrared imaging), ultrasonic emissions, and dendrometer analysis. Field experiments during lat...

Although general models of the processes involved in insect survival of freezing exist, there have been few studies directly investigating physiological processes during cooling, freezing and thawing, without which these models remain hypothetical. Here, we use open-flow respirometry to investigate the metabolism of the freeze-tolerant sub-Antarctic caterpillar Pringleophaga marioni Viette (Lep...

The soil column samples were collected for indoor simulated freeze-thaw experiments to monitor the hydrothermal dynamics and measure basic physicochemical properties research effects of on process peat bog its relationship with properties. results indicate that in initial phase freezing-thawing, water content decreases temperature changes, respectively. Unfrozen stable freezing period sharply. ...

The relationship of contracture and exudation of water in frozenthawed frog muscle was studied. With maximum shortening, there was a water loss of 35 per cent of the weight of muscle. By restricting the contraction, it was demonstrated that the amount of water loss was proportional to the degree of shortening, there being no significant loss with isometric contraction. Muscle already shortened ...

REsPONSE oF SPERMATOZOA to freezing varies according to species. Hoagland and Pincus observed that rabbit spermatozoa could scarcely revive following immersion in liquid nitrogen after various plasmolytic pretreatment, whereas human spermatozoa remained highly active after freezing and thawing. It has been reported that rabbit spermatozoa are easily damaged by hypertonic salt solutions at tempe...

BACKGROUND Both human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) bear a great potential in regenerative medicine. In addition to optimized clinical grade culture conditions, efficient clinical grade cryopreservation methods for these cells are needed. Obtaining good survival after thawing has been problematic. METHODS We used a novel, chemically defined effective ...

Culturing human Pluripotent Stem Cells (hPSC)s in chemically defined medium and feeder-free condition can facilitate metabolome and proteome analysis of culturing cells and medium, and reduce regulatory concerns for clinical application of cells. And in addition, if hPSC are passaged and cryopreserved in single cells it also facilitates quality control of cells at single cell level. Here we rep...