background: wearing spectacles is the most common approach in correcting the refractive errors worldwide. due to harmful effects of overexposure to solar ultraviolet radiations, the usage of multi-layer coatings in ophthalmic lenses has recently been increased. these lenses can reduce the reflections and hence increase the transmission of visible light; they can also decrease the transmission o...

1. Maxwell’s equations 1 1.1. General case 2 1.2. Maxwell equations in integral form 3 1.3. Boundary conditions at a surface of discontinuity 4 1.4. Maxwell’s equations in the absence of charges 7 1.5. The wave equation 7 1.6. Dispersion equation 8 1.7. Plane waves 8 2. Fresnel formulas 9 2.1. Rewriting the Fresnel Equations 12 2.2. The Poynting vector 12 2.3. Polarization 13 2.4. Estimation of...

A simple method to make a switchable liquid crystal (LC) Fresnel lens with high diffraction efficiency and a low driving voltage was proposed based on the photo-induced surface modification of the vertical alignment layer. UV illumination alters the pretilt angle of alignment layers, a Fresnel zone-distribution hybrid alignment in the homeotropic LC cell can be straightforwardly achieved throug...

A typical Fresnel lens is not suitable to a reading light system with multiple light sources since it is designed in such a way that each groove is at a slightly different angle from the next but with the same focal length. Therefore, a Fresnel lens with suitably designed groove angles is needed for this kind of light system. In this paper, a more efficient three-layered Hierarchical Genetic Al...

Fresnel transform meteor speed estimation is investigated. A spectral based technique is developed allowing the transform to be applied at low temporal sampling rates. Simulations are used to compare meteoroid speeds determined using the Fresnel transform and alternative techniques, confirming that the Fresnel transform produces the most accurate meteoroid speed estimates for high effective pul...

Today’s research on concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) cells focuses creating multi-junction semiconductor solar capable of withstanding high temperatures without losing their properties. This paper investigated silicon low (LCPV) devices using Fresnel lenses. The parameters the CPV cell were measured to simulate its operation based a single-diode model with four and five parameters. most optimal ...

The technology of a hybrid solar concentration photovoltaic/thermal (CPV/T) system is an efficient way converting energy to heat and electrical power, in which overall energy-extraction efficiency at its highest. In this study, numerical dynamic simulation models were developed for CPV/T adsorption refrigeration (ARS). Under the climatic conditions Riyadh all year round, thermal powers generate...

New type of tomographic probability distribution which contains complete information on the density matrix (wave function) related to the Fresnel transform of the complex wave function is introduced. Relation to symplectic tomographic probability distribution is elucidated. Multimode generalization of the Fresnel tomography is presented. Examples of applications of the present approach are give...