The goal of the field of Artificial Intelligence is to understand intelligence and create a human-equivalent or transhuman mind. Beyond this lies another question—whether the creation of this mind will benefit the world; whether the AI will take actions that are benevolent or malevolent, safe or uncaring, helpful or hostile. Creating Friendly AI describes the design features and cognitive archi...

The notion of Thought Warfare and Anti-Warfare (TWAW) has been introduced in earlier work as a way of thinking about future military conflict and its avoidance. TWAW involves the dynamic interaction of allies’ and adversaries’ Thought Systems. Current Thought Systems involve entities capable of cognition, emotion and volition typically (groups of) people interacting via networks of information ...

The respiration is a unique physiologic function, which is automatic. It is normally maintained without volition but could be modified to great extent by volition. It has an ability to modulate several visceral functions. The relationship in not one way, there are several physiological states like pain, emotion, and cardiovascular challenges that modify the respiration in a patterned manner. Fo...

The primary phenomenological feature of a response to hypnotic suggestion is the perception that a person is not the author of their actions and experiences. This distortion in volition during hypnotic responding, known as the classic suggestion effect, has the potential to illuminate the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying hypnosis and inform broader models of agency. Here we sought to clarif...

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Full Screen / Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion EGU Abstract A thermo dynamical model for treatment of gas/aerosol partitioning of semi volatile inorganic aerosols has been implemented in a global chemistry and aerosol transport...

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Full Screen / Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion EGU Abstract Global column ozone and tropospheric temperature observations made by ground-based (1964–2004) and satellite-borne (1978–2004) instrumentation are analyzed. Ozone and ...

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Full Screen / Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion EGU Abstract Nitrate photolysis in the wavelength range 250–1200 nm was studied on ice in a controlled laboratory experiment. Monolayer coverage of nitrate was achieved by dosing w...

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures ◭ ◮ ◭ ◮ Back Close Full Screen / Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion EGU Abstract A new, decadally resolved record of the 10 Be peak at 41 kyr from the EPICA Dome C ice core (Antarctica) is used to match it with the same peak in the GRIP ice core (Greenland). This permits a direct synchronisation of the climatic variations aroun...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an effective science which employs strong enough approaches, methods, and techniques to solve unsolvable real-world based problems. Because of its unstoppable rise towards the future, there are also some discussions about its ethics and safety. Shaping an AI-friendly environment for people and a people-friendly environment for AI can be a possible answer for find...

Descartes developed an elaborate theory of animal physiology that he used to explain functionally organized, situationally adapted behavior in both human and nonhuman animals. Although he restricted true mentality to the human soul, I argue that he developed a purely mechanistic (or material) ‘psychology’ of sensory, motor, and low-level cognitive functions. In effect, he sought to mechanize th...