Vehicle-to-grid power (V2G) uses electric-drive vehicles (battery, fuel cell, or hybrid) to provide power for specific electric markets. This article examines the systems and processes needed to tap energy in vehicles and implement V2G. It quantitatively compares today’s light vehicle fleet with the electric power system. The vehicle fleet has 20 times the power capacity, less than one-tenth th...

Fuel cell vehicles are the subject of extensive research and development because of their potential for high efficiency and low emissions. Because fuel cell vehicles remain expensive and the demand for hydrogen is therefore limited, very few fueling stations are being built. To try to accelerate the development of a hydrogen economy, some original equipment manufacturers (OEM) in the automotive...

The paper considers a high efficiency energy management control strategy for a hybrid fuel cell vehicle using neural networks and Statistical Learning theory. Hybrid Electric Vehicles may potentially improve fuel economy, reduce emission gases, and achieve performance similar to conventional cars. The use of different power sources and the presence of different constraints makes the power manag...

regulated by the corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards, established during the energy crises of the 1970s. Calls to increase fuel economy are usually met by a fierce debate on the effectiveness of the CAFE standards and their impact on highway safety. A seminal study of the link between CAFE and traffic fatalities was published by R. W. Crandall and J. D. Graham in 1989. They linked h...

Mild hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) take some benefits of full HEVs while having lower initial cost and weight, making them a more viable proposition for OEMs looking to enter the hybrid market. The popularization of mild hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) has exposed a new research potential in hybrid energy management. The optimal control of fuel economy in such a configuration is hard to achiev...

The purpose of this paper is to review current studies concerning the relationship of fuel composition to vehicle engine-out and tail-pipe emissions and to outline future research needed in this area. A number of recent combustion experiments and vehicle studies demonstrated that reformulated gasoline can reduce vehicle engine-out, tail-pipe, running-loss, and evaporative emissions. Some of the...

The number of working points and response speed are two essential characteristics proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). improper setting the may reduce life PEMFC increase hydrogen consumption vehicle. This paper explores impact as well on in real-system level. In this a dynamic model system is established verified by experiments. able to reflect process under series different speed. Base...