Biodiesel has attracted increasing interest and has proved to be a good substitute for fossil-based fuels due to its environmental advantages and availability from renewable resources such as refined and waste vegetable oils. Several studies have shown that biodiesel is a better fuel than the fossil-derived diesel in terms of engine performance, emissions reduction, lubricity and environmental ...

A key challenge over the next decade for some national programmes and an important learning opportunity for many others will be the construction and operation of the first deep geological repositories for High Level Waste (HLW) and Spent Fuel (SF). As the orientation of work on disposal shifts from mainly research, development and demonstration to industrial implementation, waste management age...

Because the spent fuel removed from a nuclear reactor is highly radioactive, it must be disposed of in a way that protects the environment from contamination and living organisms from exposure. Radioactive isotopes can be spread by air or water, and can also become part of the food chain. While the radioactivity of spent fuel drops with time, according to a 1995 National Academy of Sciences stu...

Before the Industrial Revolution production systems comprised a cycle in which the waste was produced and absorbed by the environment. With the uncontrolled growth of cities and the increase of the population was a major consequence of the increased production of waste. There was, thus, waste management that aims to manage, in an organized and consistent, both the handling and disposal of such ...

on waste can alter the optimum transition path. In the optima with recycle, the lower waste penalty from reduced buildup of 239Pu more than compensates for the separations and fuel fabrication facility costs. Figure 3 shows this buildup for each of the runs. However, with a high repository discount (run 3) recycle technology is unable to compete with cheap direct disposal. The optimum in run 4 ...

Energy recovery by waste incineration has a double function as waste treatment method and supplier of electricity and/or heat, thereby linking the systems of energy and waste management. Both systems are undergoing great changes, mainly due to new regulations. Important regulations within waste management in Sweden are a ban on landfill of combustible waste and organic waste, and a tax on landf...

In the half century of the nuclear age, the U.S. has accumulated some 30,000 metric tons of spent fuel rods from power reactors and another 380,000 cubic meters of high-level radioactive waste, a by-product of producing plutonium for nuclear weapons. None of these materials have found anything more than interim accommodation, despite decades of study and expenditures in the billions of dollars ...

The Air Force Research Laboratory, Airbase Technologies Division (AFRL/RXQ) is engineering and evaluating the Transportable Waste-to-Energy System (TWES). This trailer mounted system will convert military base waste and biomass waste streams to useful heat and power. The Department of Energy (DOE) Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) is a TWES funding partner. The first stage of the project...

Introduction: About 50 to 70 percent of the waste management total cost is spent on collection operations, so any little progress in reducing collection costs could significantly reduce total costs. This study aimed to analyze the collection and transportation of municipal solid waste cost in Yazd in the next 15 years. Materials and Methods: The study location (five areas) was different urban ...

The increasing amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) is a growing challenge that current waste-treatment practices are having to face. Therefore, technologies can prevent from ending up in landfill sites have come the fore. One produces valuable product waste, namely synthesis gas, gasification. raw material this technology so-called Refuse-Derived Fuel, which made MSW. Three separate zones loc...