Seven experiments, three on soybean and four on cotton, were conducted in Hoplolaimus columbus-infested soil in southern North Carolina to determine the benefits of chemical soil treatment. Locations were selected to give a range of initial population (Pi) densities. Soil fumigation with 1,3-D and soil treatment with a combination of aldicarb plus fenamiphos (1.1 kg a.i./ha) each provided good ...

Lesser appleworm, Grapholita prunivora (Walsh), eggs were subjected to cold storage conditions at 2.0 degrees C +/- 0.2 degrees C for 0-90 d. The most tolerant embryonic stage was the blackhead stage (96-120-h-old eggs) with an LT90 of 25 d. The four instars of lesser appleworm were subjected to cold storage conditions at 2.0 degrees C +/- 0.2 degrees C for 0-280 d. The fourth instar was the mo...

Sulfur deficiency in plants has severe impacts on both growth and nutrient composition. Fumigation with sub-lethal concentrations of H2S facilitates the supply of reduced sulfur via the leaves while sulfate is depleted from the roots. This restores growth while sulfate levels in the plant tissue remain low. In the present study this system was used to reveal interactions of sulfur with other nu...

A quarantine treatment using bale compression (32 kg/cm pressure) and phosphine fumigation (61 g/28.3 m aluminum phosphide for 7 d at 20 C) was approved to control Hessian ßy, Mayetiola destructor (Say), in large-size, polypropylene fabric-wrapped bales exported from the western states to Japan. No Hessian ßy puparia (45,366) survived to the adult stage in infested wheat, Triticum aestivum L., ...

BACKGROUND Pesticides are widely used in agriculture, and off-target pesticide drift exposes workers and the public to harmful chemicals. OBJECTIVE We estimated the incidence of acute illnesses from pesticide drift from outdoor agricultural applications and characterized drift exposure and illnesses. METHODS Data were obtained from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's...

Dengue is a growing public health problem in tropical and subtropical cities. It is transmitted by mosquitoes, and the main strategy for epidemic prevention and control is insecticide fumigation. Effective management is, however, proving elusive. People's day-to-day movement about the city is believed to be an important factor in the epidemiological dynamics. We use a simple model to examine th...

essential oils (eos) extracted from aerial parts of aster indamellus grierson, calamintha umbrosa benth. and erigeron annuus (l.) pres.were analyzed by gc, gc/ms. the major acetylenic constituent (cis-lachnophyllum ester) of e. annuus was isolated and characterized by 1h and 13c-nmr spectra. their toxicity and repellent effect against lipaphiserysimi was tested. oils of e. annuus and c. umbrosa...

Brassica seed meals (BSMs) are widely used as biofumigants to control various soil-borne plant diseases. However, the mechanism of bacterial community reconstruction following fumigation with BSMs remains poorly understood. In present study, decipher in fumigated soil and understand effect communities on rhizosphere recruitment subsequent disease control, we investigated bulk using field experi...