Why is Artificial Intelligence concerned with metaphor, and what special contributions can AI offer to metaphor research? This chapter will indicate why AI needs to study metaphor and will outline what AI has been contributing to the illumination of metaphor, whether it is processed by artefacts or by the human mind. Specific contributions AI research on metaphor that one can already point to, ...

The AHRC-funded ‘Mapping Metaphor with the Historical Thesaurus’ project has traced the development of metaphor in English from Anglo-Saxon times to the present day using the unique evidence base of the Historical Thesaurus of the Oxford English Dictionary. The Historical Thesaurus organises the contents of the OED semantically, making it possible to see how vocabulary for any given concept has...

Metaphor is a cognitive phenomenon exhibited in language, where one conceptual domain (the target) is thought of in terms of another (the source). The first level of metaphor interpretation is the mapping of linguistic metaphors to pairs of source and target concepts. Based on the abductive approach to metaphor interpretation proposed by Hobbs (1992) and implemented in the open-source Metaphor-...

Metaphor understanding in Computational Linguistics has largely been focused on the development of stand-alone prototypes for which only small-scale evaluations are carried out. This has made difficult the inclusion of metaphor in the development of natural language processing applications. However, dealing with metaphor properly is ultimately crucial for any automated language technology that ...

We present an approach to mining online forums for figurative language such as metaphor. We target in particular online discussions within the illness and the political conflict domains, with a view to constructing corpora of Metaphor in Illness Discussion, and Metaphor in Political Conflict Discussion. This paper reports on our ongoing efforts to combine manual and automatic detection strategi...

This research is aimed at identifying the types and functions of figures speech in The New York Times selected headlines under issue Donald Trump Joe Biden 1st Presidential Debating 2020. study Stylistic employed since this investigates language style which can be seen figurative through objects study. done by descriptive qualitative method. data are taken from official website. sentences refer...

Metaphor and analogy are cognitive tools which, in serving specific communicative goals and descriptive needs, are subject to a host of pragmatic pressures. Knowing that these pressures will shape the interpretation of a given metaphor, an effective communicator will exploit them to structure the conceptual content of the metaphor in such a way as to maximise its perceived aptness and argumenta...

The met* method distinguishes selected examples of metonymy from metaphor and from literalness and anomaly in short English sentences. In the met* method, literalness is distinguished because it satisfies contextual constraints that the nonliteral others all violate. Metonymy is discriminated from metaphor and anomaly in a way that [1] supports Lakoff and Johnson's (1980) view that in metonymy ...