Obstacles such as ramps, steps, and irregular floor surfaces are commonly encountered in homes, offices, other public spaces. These obstacles frequently limit the daily activities of people who use mobility aids. For this purpose, study solves a slope minimization problem for personal As solution approach, gradient-reduction scheme is proposed, which allows existing aids to reduce required hori...

Abstract Nine organic compounds were utilized as model lubricants to investigate the impact of functional groups on tribological performances. Nonanoic Acid with carboxyl showed best lubrication properties, and fluid film tribofilm coexistent in its friction test, bringing a low coefficient wear rate. In addition, lubricant corresponded high adsorption energy density theory (DFT) calculations. ...