Background: Nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) mediates a large range of processes, and abnormality in the production of NO has been implicated in diabetic complications including diabetic nephropathy (DN). G894T polymorphism in the eNOS gene has been shown to decreased activity the NO levels of plasma. The association between eNOS Glu298Asp gene polymorphism and DN ri...

molecular genetics selection on individual genes is a promising method to genetically improve economically important traits in livestock. the insulin like growth factor-i (igf-i) gene may play important roles in growth of multiple tissues, including muscle cells, cartilage and bone. the objectives of the present study were the estimate the haplotype frequencies of the igf-i gene polymorphisms i...

background: several methods have been developed for detection of sequence variation in genes and each has its advantages and disadvantages. a disadvantage of them is that the simpler, cost-effective methods are commonly perceived as being less sensitive in their detection of sequence variation, whereas those with proven sensitivity have a requirement for complex or expensive laboratory equipmen...

objective(s):leptin receptor (lepr) is a member of the class i cytokine receptor super-family that is known implicated in the initiation and progression of breast cancer. we have investigated the effect of q223r polymorphism on the breast cancer susceptibly in a sample of iranian subjects. materials and methods:we utilized a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) restriction fragment length polymorphi...

ghrelin is a peptide hormone that is composed of 26 amino acids and leads to a positive energy balance and obesity through stimulation of releasing growth hormone, and increasing food intake and body weight.  the purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate the association between the ghrelin gene polymorphism and growth traits in ross and cobb broiler chickens. blood samples were collec...

purpose: to investigate the effect of ccl2c-2512t polymorphism on age-related macular degeneration (amd). methods: this study enrolled 48 patients originating from northeast of iran who suffered from dry type amd. the association of c-2518t in the promoter region of ccl2 gene was investigated using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp). control grou...

diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disease. it has recently been shown that an insertion (i)/deletion (d) polymorphism exists in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace) gene that can affect the serum ace level. there are three genotypes: dd, di, and ii, with the ace level being highest in dd, intermediate in di, and lowest in ii. in the present investigation, 170 patients with type 2 diabete...

background interleukin-16 (il-16) is an immunomodulatory cytokine, which plays an important role in some inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as hepatitis b, which is a major health concern worldwide. objectives in this study, we aimed to investigate the plausible association between il-16 polymorphism and chronic hbv susceptibility in an iranian population. conclusions these findings show...

background: recurrent spontaneous abortion is one of the diseases that can lead to physical, psychological, and, economical problems for both individuals and society. recently a few numbers of genetic polymorphisms in kinase insert domain-containing receptor (kdr) gene are examined that can endanger the life of the fetus in pregnant women. objective: the risk of kdr gene polymorphisms was inves...