There is a constant increase in the demand for biomolecules produced by microorganisms for a wide range of commercial applications. Although many such microbial enzymes and proteins are produced extracellularly, an equally high proportion of such potentially useful products are retained within the cells.1–2 One such enzyme, β-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23), has found wide application for lactose h...

OBJECTIVE To construct four recombinant Lactococcus lactis strains exhibiting high beta-galactosidase activity in fusion or non-fusion ways, and to study the influence factors for their protein expression and secretion. METHODS The gene fragments encoding beta-galactosidase from two strains of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, wch9901 isolated from yogurt and 1.1480 purchased from the Chinese Academy...

The Epstein-Barr virus basic leucine zipper transcriptional activator ZEBRA was shown recently to cross the outer membrane of live cells and to accumulate in the nucleus of lymphocytes. We investigated the potential application of the Epstein-Barr virus trans-activator ZEBRA as a transporter protein to facilitate transduction of cargo proteins. Analysis of different truncated forms of ZEBRA rev...

Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) is an ionized gas near room temperature. Its anti-tumor effect can be transmitted either by direct treatment or mediated a plasma-treated solution (PTS), such as treated standard cell culture medium, which contains different amino acids, inorganic salts, vitamins and other substances. Despite extensive research, the active components in PTS its molecular cellular m...

The glycan portion of macrolide antibiotics modulates their efficacy. High-level expression of three macrolide GTs and kinetic analysis has revealed a highly selective synthetic "tool kit" with such plasticity that 12 glycan-modified macrolide antibiotics have been readily created. One of these (1-Gal) is enhanced over its parent oleandomycin (1) by "glycotargeting", allowing higher uptake thro...

A method was described for the partial purification of beta galactosidase and beta glucosaminidase from Clostridium tertium culture supernatants. Treatment of erythrocytes with preparations containing both enzymes decreases their ability to react with anti-I cold agglutinins, and with Type XIV antipneumococcal horse serum. Erythrocytes of blood group A(1) are altered more rapidly and extensivel...

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a progressive muscle weakness characterized by a lack of dystrophin expression in the sarcolemma of muscle fibers. Both myoblast transplantation and gene therapy based on direct and ex vivo gene transfer techniques have been investigated as ways to deliver dystrophin in dystrophic muscle. Although the myoblast-mediated ex vivo gene transfer approach has been found...

In protracted myocardial ischemia, sympathetic nerve endings undergo ATP depletion, hypoxia and pH(i) reduction. Consequently, norepinephrine (NE) accumulates in the axoplasm, because it is no longer stored in synaptic vesicles, and intraneuronal Na(+) concentration increases, as the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE) is activated. This forces the reversal of the Na(+)- and Cl(-)-dependent NE transport...

Merodiploid derivatives bearing an F-linked lac operon (i+, o+, z+, v+, a+) from Escherichia coli were prepared from a Proteus mirabilis strain unable to utilize lactose and from a lac deletion strain of E. coli. A suitable growth medium was found in which the episomal element in the P. mirabilis derivative was sufficiently stable to allow induction of the episome-borne lac operon and thus to p...