Satoshi Hirako1, Fumiko Takenoya1,2, Haruaki Kageyama1,3, Nobuhiro Wada1, Mai Okabe4 and Seiji Shioda1* 1Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan 2Department of Exercise and Sports Physiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo, Japan 3Faculty of Health Care, Kiryu University, Gunma, Japan 4Tokyo Shokuryo Dietitian Academy, Toky...

 The endocrine cells of Salmo trutta macrostigma stomach and pyloric caeca have been investigated using immunohistochemical techniques. 8 antisera were tested and 6 of them were detected in the endocrine cells serotonin, somatostatin, substance P, galanin, CCK and neuropeptide Y. These immunoreactive cells are described for the first time in the stomach and pyloric caeaca of Salmo trutta macros...

The effects of galanin and somatostatin on insulin release, membrane potential, and cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration [( Ca2+]i) were investigated using beta-cells isolated from obese hyperglycemic mice. Whereas insulin release was measured in a column perifusion system, membrane potential and [Ca2+]i were measured with the fluorescent indicators bisoxonol (bis-(1,3-diethylthiobarbiturate)tri...

The gene encoding the neuropeptide galanin is upregulated by second messenger signal transduction pathways in bovine chromaffin cells. To identify its transcriptional regulatory elements, 5'-flanking sequences of the galanin gene were transiently transfected into primary cultures of bovine chromaffin cells within reporter gene constructs. Multiple regions of the galanin 5' flank seem to be nece...

PURPOSE A major factor limiting the effective clinical management of colorectal cancer (CRC) is resistance to chemotherapy. Therefore, the identification of novel, therapeutically targetable mediators of resistance is vital. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used a CRC disease-focused microarray platform to transcriptionally profile chemotherapy-responsive and nonresponsive pretreatment metastatic CRC l...

BACKGROUND The question is which hypothalamic systems for food intake might play a role in ethanol intake and contribute to alcohol abuse. The peptide orexin was found to exhibit similar properties to galanin in its relation to dietary fat and may therefore be similar to galanin in having a stimulatory effect on alcohol intake. METHODS Rats were trained to drink 10% ethanol, implanted with br...

Like galanin, the 60-amino-acid peptide, galanin-like peptide (GALP), has orexigenic actions, demonstrated by an acute increase in feeding after central injection in rodents. However, in contrast to galanin, GALP causes a prolonged rise in core body temperature and a reduction in body weight over 24 h. In an attempt to identify potential explanations for the observed differences between GALP an...

Over long periods, feeding and metabolism are tightly regulated at the central level. The total amount of nutrients ingested is thought to result from a delicate balance between orexigenic and anorexigenic factors expressed and secreted by specialized hypothalamic neuronal populations. We have developed a system of perifused hypothalamic neurons to characterize the relationships existing betwee...