[1] IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) AR4 (Fourth Assessment Report) GCMs (General Circulation Models) predict a tropical tropospheric warming that increases with height, reaches its maximum at ∼200 hPa, and decreases to zero near the tropical tropopause. This study examines the GCM‐predicted maximum warming in the tropical upper troposphere using satellite MSU (microwave soundin...

This study evaluated 20 general circulation models (GCMs) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 (CMIP5), which provide the prediction results for the period of 2006 to 2014, the period from which the observation data (the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) data) are available. Both the GCM predictions of precipitation and the GPCP data were compared for three data s...

Naphthalene and 2-naphthol are two naphthalene derivatives, which play important roles in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance of 13 C/ 12 C or 2 H/ 1 H and 18 O/ 16 O in naphthalene and 2-naphthol using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). Naphthalene and 2-naphthol samples we...

http://www.revistadechimie.ro 557 Woody biomass is the most abundant renewable resource and can be used for alternative energy sources and chemicals [1-4]. The major components of wood are: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin [5-8]. Cellulose and hemicellulose could be chemical [9-10], biochemical [11], physic [12] and physico-chemical [13-15] depolymerized to sugars. Most of the chemical trans...

General circulation models (GCMs) of the global atmosphere are a key tool for climate research. They represent atmospheric dynamics, physics, and chemistry with mathematical equations, which are then solved on a threedimensional grid that spans the globe. Computer capabilities currently limit the grid resolutions in the global GCMs that are used to simulate Earth’s climate and make warming pred...

Comparative pyrolysis mass spectrometric data of Titan aerosol analogues, called "tholins", are presented. The Titan tholins were produced in the laboratory at Cornell by irradiation of simulated Titan atmospheres with high energy electrons in plasma discharge. Mass-spectrometry measurements were performed at FOM of the solid phase of various tholins by Curie-point pyrolysis Gas-Chromatograph...

The viability of oxygen isotope analysis of tooth enamel by UV laser ablation and fluorination has been demonstrated by comparison with the Ag PO extraction method. In-situ analyses by UV laser fluorination using both isotope ratio mass 3 4 Ž . spectrometry and isotope ratio monitoring gas chromatography mass spectrometry irm-GCMS microanalysis are comparaŽ . 18 ble to those of the Ag PO method...

[1] In the last 25 years of the 20th century most major land regions experienced a summer warming trend, but the central U.S. cooled by 0.2–0.8 K. In contrast most climate projections using GCMs show warming for all continental interiors including North America. We examined this discrepancy by using a regional climate model and found a circulation-precipitation coupling under enhanced greenhous...

Climate predictions produced by numerical climate models, often referred to as general circulation models (GCMs), suggest that by the end of the twenty-first century global mean annual surface air temperatures will increase by 1.1-6.4 degrees C. Trace gas records from ice cores indicate that atmospheric concentrations of CO2 are already higher than at any time during the last 650000 years. In t...