We construct a hybrid, economic indicator of the sustainability of global well-being, which is more inclusive than existing indicators and incorporates an environmentally pessimistic, physical constraint on global warming. Our methodology extends the World Bank’s Adjusted Net Saving (ANS) indicator to include the cost of population growth, the benefit of technical progress, and a much higher, p...

the demand for fossil fuel in the transport sector is constantly increasing and transportation is ranked amongst the highest greenhouse emitting sectors globally. today, tackling co2 emissions from road transport a widely discussed topic and constitutes a milestone towards reaching a sustainable, carbon neutral economy. this challenge is being described in various initiatives adopted in the eur...

Agricultural ecosystems are important contributors to atmospheric greenhouse gasses (GHGs); however, in situ winter emission data in saline-alkali fields are scarce. Gas samples were collected during different periods, from three rice (R1–R3) and three maize (M1–M3) fields with different soil pH levels and salinity conditions. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the rice and maize fields decrease...

The in situ application of rice straw enhances CH4 emissions by a large margin. The ex situ application of rice straw in uplands, however, may mitigate total global warming potential (GWP) of CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy-upland coexisting systems. To evaluate the efficiency of this practice, two field trials were conducted in rice-rice-fallow and maize-rape cropping systems, respectively. Y...

The northern terrestrial net ecosystem carbon bal­ ance (NECB) is contingent on inpnts from vegetation gross primary prodnctivity (GPP) to offset the ecosystem respi­ ration (Reco) of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and methane (CH4 ) emissions, bnt an effective framework to monitor the re­ gional Arctic NECB is lacking. We modified a terrestrial car­ bon llnx (TCF) model developed for satellite remote s...

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a method to reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions thereby mitigating global warming. In CCS, carbon dioxide (CO2) is captured from fossil fuel-fired power plants or other large point-source emitters, purified, compressed and injected deep underground into subsurface formations at depths of or greater than 800m. At such depths CO2 is in a supercritical...

As global changes reorganize plant communities, invasive plants may benefit. We hypothesized that elevated CO2 and warming would strongly influence invasive species success in a semi-arid grassland, as a result of both direct and water-mediated indirect effects. To test this hypothesis, we transplanted the invasive forb Linaria dalmatica into mixed-grass prairie treated with free-air CO2 enrich...

Methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and halocarbons are greenhouse gases (GHG) that are able to trap heat in the atmosphere by radiating less heat into the space and increase the effect of solar and thermal radiation on surface and atmospheric temperatures (Knapp et al., 2014). In 2014, total U.S. GHG emissions measured 6,870 million metric tons of CO2 equivalents. Agricul...

There is growing international interest in carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technology to reduce carbon dioxide emissions linked to global climate change. CCS is especially attractive for electric power plants burning coal and other fossil fuels, which are a major source of global CO2 emissions. This paper describes the performance and cost of CO2 capture technologies for large-scale elec...

The terrestrial ecosystems of North America have been identified as a sink of atmospheric CO2 though there is no consensus on the magnitude. However, the emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases (CH4 and N2O) may offset or even overturn the climate cooling effect induced by the CO2 sink. Using a coupled biogeochemical model, in this study, we have estimated the combined global warming potentials (...