Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is a model legume crop, widely grown in the world for hu‐ man consumption or animal fodder. Moreover, soybeans have gained worldwide research in‐ terest in many public laboratories and industrial sectors. Soybean seeds contain protein, oil, carbohydrates, dietary fibers, vitamins, and minerals. For the last few decades the majority of research laboratories hav...

Piliated gonococci were competent in genetic transformation in all stages of growth in minimal and enriched media, but nonpiliated cells were almost totally incompetent. Uptake of deoxyribonucleic acid into a deoxyribonuclease-insensitive state was observed only in competent piliated cells. Competence was not affected by washing of competent cells or treatment of competent cells with proteolyti...

Epidermal and subepidermal cells in the abaxial, basal region of the maize (Zea mays L.) immature zygotic embryo (IZE) scutellum can be induced by exogenous auxin to proliferate and undergo somatic embryogenesis. Successful genetic transformation of IZEs depends not only on optimizing transformation parameters for these totipotent cells, but also on achieving high embryogenic callus induction f...

Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) is an important softwood species in the southeast United States. In presettlement times, this species occupied extensive, pure stands throughout the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains from southeastern Virginia to eastern Texas, as well as south throughout the northern two-thirds of Florida. Its range also includes the Piedmont Ridge and Valley, and Mountain ...

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ranks first among cereal crops cultivated in Russia and Russia is one of the major wheat producers in the world. Though there is a great demand for Russian wheat varieties with resistance to diseases and other environmental stress, there is a limitation at transferring resistance to crop plants by the complexity of stress tolerance traits, as most of these are quant...

Of the more than 50,000 edible plant species in the world, at least 10,000 species are cereal grains. Three major cereal crops, rice (Oryza sativa), maize (Zea mays), and wheat (Triticum sp.), provide two-thirds of the world's food energy intake. Although crop yields have improved tremendously thanks to technological advances in the past 50 years, population increases and climate changes contin...

Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) is a reservoir of diverse classes of biologically active and high value secondary metabolites, which captured the interest of both researchers and the pharmaceutical industry alike. Several studies and clinical trials have shown that H. perforatum extracts possess an astounding array of pharmacological properties. These properties include antidepressant, an...

Members of the Tagetes genus include important floricultural (cut-flower) and ornamental (pot and garden) crops, as well as plants of medicinal and ethno-pharmacological interest. Despite the use of many of these plants in the extraction of important secondary metabolites and essential oils, the greatest biotechnological emphasis has been on their in vitro tissue culture and micropropagation. F...

Genetic transformation of murine bone marrow stem cells to methotrexate resistance was achieved using a modified calcium phosphate-DNA coprecipitation procedure. Bone marrow cells were transformed by DNA derived from methotrexate-resistant mouse 3T6 cells. In vivo selection of drug-resistant bone marrow cells resulted from thrice weekly injections of methotrexate (MTX) for a period of 6-8 wk. F...

Different plant cultivars of the same genus and species can exhibit vastly different genetic transformation efficiencies. However, the genetic factors underlying these differences in transformation rate remain largely unknown. In barley, 'Golden Promise' is one of a few cultivars reliable for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. By contrast, cultivar 'Haruna Nijo' is recalcitrant to genetic t...