Chlamydia trachomatis polymorphic membrane proteins (Pmps) may increase genital tract inflammation and play a role in virulence. Antibody levels for PmpA, PmpD, and PmpI, measured in densitometric units, were assessed among a pilot sample of 40 C. trachomatis-infected women with mild-to-moderate clinical PID. Women who expressed antibodies to PmpA were less likely to achieve pregnancy (40.0% ve...

To evaluate the effects of antimicrobial and antiinflammatory drugs on oviductal pathology in chronic chlamydial upper genital tract infection, the fallopian tubes of 40 female Macaca nemestrina were inoculated with Chlamydia trachomatis and randomly assigned to treatment with doxycycline (n = 10), doxycycline plus ibuprofen (n = 10), doxycycline plus triamcinolone (n = 10), or placebo (n = 10)...

background: mycoplasma infections are suggested as etiology of adverse pregnancy outcomes. objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the association of mycoplasma hominis (m. hominis) infection and spontaneous abortion among pregnant women. materials and methods: in this case-control study that was conducted from august 2012 to january 2013, totally, 109 women were included with spontane...

BACKGROUND Contagious Epididymitis (CE) due to Brucella ovis (B. ovis) is a contagious disease that impairs rams' fertility due to epididymis, testicle and accessory sexual gland alterations. An increased incidence of CE has been observed in South Eastern France ("PACA" region) since the Rev.1 vaccination against B. melitensis has been stopped in 2008. The objective of this study was to evaluat...

B cells can contribute to acquired immunity against intracellular bacteria, but do not usually participate in primary clearance. Here, we examined the endogenous CD4 T cell response to genital infection with Chlamydia muridarum using MHC class-II tetramers. Chlamydia-specific CD4 T cells expanded rapidly and persisted as a stable memory pool for several months after infection. While most lymph ...

introduction toxoplasma gondii is one of the most important pathogen that has adverse effect on reproductive function. evidence acquisition recent studies revealed that infection with t. gondii not only affect female reproduction, also cause male reproductive impairment. in clinical studies, high prevalence of toxoplasmosis in sterile men has been reported. in animal models, toxoplasmosis is as...

The role of TNF-α in chlamydial clearance is uncertain. Antibody-mediated depletion of TNF-α in mice and guinea pigs has been shown not to significantly affect chlamydial clearance, whereas production of TNF-α in addition to IFN-γ from T cells has been shown to correlate with enhanced clearance. The aim of our study is to evaluate the mechanistic role of TNF-α in clearance of primary and second...

The systemic immune response of Drosophila is known to be induced both by septic injury and by oral infection with certain bacteria, and is characterized by the secretion of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) into the haemolymph. To investigate other possible routes of bacterial infection, we deposited Erwinia carotovora (Ecc15) on various sites of the cuticle and monitored the immune response via e...