Step-scan Fourier transform infrared and visible absorption difference spectroscopy, with nanosecond to millisecond time resolution, has been applied to the study of photosystem I particles from photosynthetic oxygen-evolving organisms. In particular, time-reso lved infrared (1800–1200 cm21) and visible (680–850 nm) difference spectra associated with  ash induced oxidation of the primary elect...

A narrow-band, extreme-ultraviolet laser source is developed that has continuous tunability in the range 96– 97.5 nm and a bandwidth below 250 MHz. The versatility of the radiation source is demonstrated in two applications. Accurate values for lifetimes of highly excited molecular quantum states are determined from line-broadening measurements in three electronic states of CO: W1P, v 5 0 state...

Abstract. Extreme events can severely impact marine organisms and ecosystems. Of particular concern are multivariate compound events, namely when conditions simultaneously extreme for multiple ocean ecosystem stressors. In 2013–2015 example, an extensive heatwave (MHW), known as the Blob, co-occurred locally with extremely low net primary productivity (NPPX) negatively impacted life in northeas...

Merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) of malaria parasites undergoes proteolytic processing at least twice before invasion into a new RBC. The 42-kDa fragment, a product of primary processing, is cleaved by proteolytic enzymes giving rise to MSP1(33), which is shed from the merozoite surface, and MSP1(19), which is the only fragment carried into a new RBC. In this study, we have identified T cell ...

The sensitivity of Fourier transform infrared spectroradiometers to the polarization state of incident radiance can become significant in radiometric measurements of a partially polarized source such as the sea surface. At off-nadir incidence angles and wavenumbers below about 2750 cm21 (wavelengths longer than 3.6 mm), radiance from the sea surface is partially vertically polarized, because th...