Spatial reasoning plays an important role in many spoken dialogue systems. One application area where it is especially important is timetable information for local bus trafc. Users of such systems often request information based on vague spatial descriptions and a usable system must be able to handle this. We have extended a dialogue system with abilities to transform vague spatial expressions ...

GIS software has different useful tools that can be used for sites, demographic and competitive analysis. These tools enable retail and market researchers to find solutions related to many retail planning issues. The aim of this paper is to use Geographical Information Systems (GIS) for retail location assessment of two retail centers called Al-Dawly and Al-Mahmal centers located at Jeddah city...

This paper argues that fostering mutual understanding in landscape planning is as much about the planners educating stakeholder groups as the stakeholders educating the planners. In other words it is an epistemological agreement as to the meaning and nature of place, especially where an effort is made to go beyond the quantitative aspects, which can be achieved by the phenomenological experienc...

Due to the driving forces of the Internet and network communication technology, the paradigm of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is shifting [16, 19]. Moreover, with the advances in computer technology and GIS science, distributed GIS become practical and widely acceptable. Traditional GIS plays an extremely valuable role in GIS applications by providing a wide variety of tools to handle ge...

Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Geographical Information System (GIS) are being used in tandem to support a variety of decisions throughout the life cycle of civil infrastructure systems. Existing CAD and GIS platforms have been developed independently with different purposes resulting in significant differences in terms of data formats they support, terminology they utilize, semantics of conce...

This paper focuses on the role of spatial information systems in regional and urban planning. Experiences on the design, modelling and use of such systems are briefly commented upon. Special attention is thcn devoted to the potential of GIS. Next the question of designing tailor made information systems for planning is dealt with. A triple layer methodology for intcgrating information systems i...

Data is the core of Geographical Information System (GIS). Collecting and updating geographically referenced and descriptive data is necessary for GISs. Ignoring the updating process will obviously decrease the usefulness of GIS; therefore, GIS databases must be updated to make better use. There are different methods to collect and update GIS data, for example, by field survey, remote sensing, ...

Recent days have witnessed an explosive growth in generating data in geographic domain which leads to increasing the applications of geographical information system (GIS). Due to this increasing of GIS, GIS faced the problem of effective management of the spatial information from different resources and in different forms. So, Geographical ontologies have been introduced to the geographical dom...