Stable-isotope tracers were used to assess whether levels of phosphomonoesters (PME) and phosphodiesters (PDE) in the livers of lung cancer patients, as observed by (31)P magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy, reflect elevated whole-body glucose turnover and gluconeogenesis from alanine. Patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer without liver metastases (n=24; weight loss 0-24%) and heal...

The early renal metabolic response was studied in rats made acidotic by oral feeding of ammonium chloride. 2 hr after feeding of ammonium chloride there was already significant acidosis. Urinary ammonia also increased after ammonium chloride ingestion and at 1(1/2) hr was significantly elevated. In vitro gluconeogenesis by renal cortical slices was increased at 2 hr and thereafter increased ste...

To determine the effect of physiological hyperinsulinemia on renal and hepatic substrate metabolism, we assessed systemic and renal glucose release and uptake, systemic and renal gluconeogenesis from glutamine, and certain aspects of systemic and renal glutamine and free fatty acid (FFA) metabolism. These were assessed under basal postabsorptive conditions and during 4-h hyperinsulinemic euglyc...

Transaldolase (TA) exchange overestimates gluconeogenesis measured with deuterated water (²H₂O). However, it is unknown whether TA differs in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). ²H₂O was ingested, and [1-¹³C]acetate and [3-³H]glucose were infused in T2DM (n = 10) and healthy nondiabetic (ND; n = 8) subjects. TA was assessed from the ratio of ¹³C3 to ¹³C4 glucose enrichment (¹³C3/¹³C4) measured ...

The kidney plays an important role in gluconeogenesis during starvation. To clarify the anti-diabetic action of angiotensin receptor blockers, we examined the effects of telmisartan on the sodium-glucose co-transporters (SGLT) and the pathways of renal gluconeogenesis in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) rats. At 4 weeks, the DM rats treated with/without telmisartan for 2 weeks and ...

HYPOTHESIS Palmitate causes insulin resistance (IR) in insulin target tissue. Pioglitazone (an anti-hyperglycemic agent) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG, a dietary supplement) can be used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, their molecular effects on gluconeogenesis remain unclear. OBJECTIVE Hence, we aimed to investigate the simultaneous effect of these anti-hyperglycemic agent...

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to regulate metabolic tissue development and function, including adipogenesis, hepatic lipid metabolism, islet function and energy balance. However, the role of lncRNAs in gluconeogenesis remains completely unknown. Metformin reduces glucose output mainly via the inhibition of gluconeogenesis. In the present study, the lncRNA expression prof...