Diabetes is the most common cause of CKD (chronic kidney disease). also one important diabetic complication. SGLT2 (sodium glucose co‐transporter‐2) inhibitors are new class medication used to lower high blood level in people with type 2 diabetes. In researches demonstrated a significant and clinically relevant reduction risks albuminuria progression nephropathy, doubling serum creatinine level...

We report the onset of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA) in a 20-year-old male patient with new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 5 days after initiation diet restriction and combination SGLT2 (sodium–glucose co-transporter 2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, metformin. The use inhibitors symptomatic patients T2DM along extreme reduction carbohydrate intake might...

Brain extraction of (18)F-labeled 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) was significantly higher in pentylene tetrazole (PTZ)-treated rats (32 +/- 4%) than controls (25 +/- 4%). The FDG permeability-surface area product (PS) was also significantly higher with PTZ treatment (0.36 +/- 0.05 ml. min(-1). g(-1)) than in controls (0.20 +/- 0.06 ml. min(-1). g(-1)). Cerebral blood flow rates were also elev...

In this study, we have investigated the hypothesis that an exercise protocol designed to repeatedly induce a large dependence on carbohydrate and large increases in glycolytic flux rate would result in rapid increases in the principal glucose and lactate transporters in working muscle, glucose transporter (GLUT)-4 and monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)4, respectively, and in activity of hexokina...

  Objective(s):In insulin resistance, the insulin action in liver, muscles and adipocytes decreases and result in hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hyperinsulinemia. In this study we evaluate the effect of Zataria multiflora extract on insulin sensitivity in high fructose fed insulin resistant rats, since this extract was shown antihyperglycemic effect in streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats. ...

The characteristics and modulation of glucose transport were investigated in skeletal muscles of 5-wk-old Muscovy ducklings ( Cairina moschata). Glucose uptake by sarcolemmal vesicles isolated from gastrocnemius muscle followed typical Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a K m value (17 mM) similar to that described in equivalent mammalian preparations. Western blot analysis of duckling sarcolemma u...

The presence of glycolytic enzymes and a GLUT-1-type glucose transporter in rod and cone outer segments was determined by enzyme activity assays, glucose uptake measurements, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence microscopy. Enzyme activities of six glycolytic enzymes including hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, aldolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglycerate kinase, pyruv...

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease with a strong genetic component that has been associated with several genetic loci. Interleukin 18 (IL-18) is a potent proinflammatory cytokine, which is involved in the innate and adaptive immune responses, and in the pathogenesis of various diseases including T1D. Glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) is known to be an insulin-responsive glucose transpor...

Abstract Background Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) prevent hospitalization resulting from heart failure (HHF). However, patients with type diabetes mellitus use multiple antihyperglycemic drugs to achieve glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) targets. In these drug combinations, the risk of HHF is unpredictable and so parallel effect glucose-lowering. Purpose To examine impact t...

The transcription of key metabolic regulatory enzymes in the heart is altered in the diabetic state, yet little is known of the underlying mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) in modulating cardiac insulin-sensitive glucose transporter (GLUT-4) protein levels in altered metabolic states and to determine th...