Nine known compounds: trans-cinnamic acid, catechin, syringin, epicatechin, symplocoside, kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside 7-O-glucoside, isovitexin 2-O-rhamnoside, herbacetin 7-O-glucoside, and pollenitin B and a new flavonoid glycoside, characterized as herbacetin 7-O-neohesperidoside (1) on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence, were isolated from a traditional crude drug, "Ephe...

Glycosylation of bisphenol A, which is an endocrine disrupting chemical, was investigated using immobilized marine microalga and plant cells from the viewpoint of bioremediation of bisphenol A. Immobilized marine microalga of Amphidinium crassum glucosylated bisphenol A to the corresponding glucoside. On the other hand, bisphenol A was glycosylated to its glucoside, diglycoside, gentiobioside, ...

The Fusarium metabolite culmorin (1) is receiving increased attention as an "emerging mycotoxin". It co-occurs with trichothecene mycotoxins and potentially influences their toxicity. Its ecological role and fate in plants is unknown. We synthesized sulfated and glucosylated culmorin conjugates as potential metabolites, which are expected to be formed in planta, and used them as reference compo...

Anthocyanins are major flavonoids in many plant foods and have been related to health promotion. In the human organism anthocyanins are metabolised to different metabolites. One of the most important phase II reactions of flavonoids is the methylation of the catechol group. This feature is expected to have an effect on the antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of flavonoids including ant...

Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was used to analyze lipids of eight spleens of patients with Gaucher’s disease. Four non-Gaucher spleens were also analyzed. Phospholipid concentrations are not increased in Gaucher spleens, while several classes of neutral lipids are moderately increased. Acid hydrolysis followed by hexose determination was applied to total lipids and to separated fractions. Spe...

Important biotechnological processes depend on the efficient fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts of starch hydrolysates rich in maltose and maltotriose. The rate-limiting step for fermentation of these α-glucosides is the transport across the plasma membrane of the cells. In order to contribute to a better understanding of maltose and maltotriose metabolism by S. cerevisiae, we anal...

Damage to synaptic plasticity induced by neurotoxicity of amyloid-beta is regarded to be one of the pathological mechanisms of learning and memory disabilities in Alzheimer's disease patients. This study assumed that the damage of amyloid-beta to learning and memory abilities was strongly associated with the changes in the Fyn/N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B (NR2B) expression. An APP695V7171 t...

The new isoflavone glucoside vavain 3'-O-beta-d-glucoside (1) and its aglycon, vavain (2), were isolated from the bark of Ceiba pentandra, together with the known flavan-3-ol, (+)-catechin, These novel structures were elucidated by one- and two-dimensional NMR experiments and by MS, IR, and UV spectroscopy as 5-hydroxy-7,4',5'-trimethoxyisoflavone 3'-O-beta-D-glucoside (1) and 5,3'-dihydroxy-7,...

Three major flavonoid chamomile components (quercetin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside and rutin) were subjected to oxidative metabolism by cytochrome P-450 of rat liver microsomal preparations. Changes over time in their respective concentrations were followed using reversed-phase HPLC with UV detection. No clean-up had to be applied as only the specific flavonoid had to be separated from the backgroun...