Bleeding problems are associated with defects in platelet alpha-granules, yet little is known about how these granules are formed and released. Mutations affecting VPS33B, a novel Sec1/Munc18 protein, have recently been linked to arthrogryposis, renal dysfunction, and cholestasis (ARC) syndrome. We have characterized platelets from patients with ARC syndrome and observed reduced aggregation wit...

Biogenesis of the regulated secretory pathway in the pancreatic beta-cell involves packaging of products, notably proinsulin, into immature secretory granules derived from the trans-Golgi network. Proinsulin is converted to insulin and C-peptide as granules mature. Secretory proteins not entering granules are conveyed by transport intermediates directly to the plasma membrane for constitutive s...

Qualitative and quantitative diversity of microorganisms present in anaerobic granular sludges fed with different substrates, as well as the structure of these granules have been studied using fluorescent 16S rRNA-targeted in situ hybridization and electron microscopy. The granules showed a multi-layered structure, in which both densely packed and loose micro-colonies, channels and holes could ...

RNA granules are a macromolecular structure observed in neurons, where they serve as motile units that translocate mRNAs. Isolated RNA granules are highly enriched in Staufen protein and ultrastructurally contain densely packed clusters of ribosomes. With depolarization, many mRNAs, including those involved in plasticity, rapidly shift from the RNA granule fraction to polysomes. Depolarization ...

background: one of the major sources of drinking water contamination is nitrate. nitrate concentrations of more than the standard levels (45mgl -1 based on nitrate) could cause methemoglobinemia in children. the aim of this study is to investigate the nitrate adsorption on granular ferric hydroxide (gfh). also in this study, the effect of factors such as initial concentration of nitrate, contac...

The surface of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) storage granules in bacteria is covered mainly by proteins referred to as phasins. The layer of phasins stabilizes the granules and prevents coalescence of separated granules in the cytoplasm and nonspecific binding of other proteins to the hydrophobic surfaces of the granules. Phasin PhaP1(Reu) is the major surface protein of PHB granules in Ralstonia e...