We developed advances laser retroreflectors for solar system exploration, geodesy and for precision test of General Relativity (GR) and new gravitational physics: a micro-reflector array (INRRI, Instrument for landing-Roving laser Retroreflectors Investigations), a midsize reflector array for the European Earth Observation (EO) program, Copernicus (CORA, COpernicus laser Retroreflector Array), ...

The launch of ERS-l provides coverage, by satellite altimetry, of 80% of the Antarctic ice sheet, allowing topographic mapping of areas which previously had a dearth of accurate elevation data. Four 35 d repeat cycles of fastdelivery altimeter data were used in this study, comprising a total of approximately 1000000 height estimates. About 40% of these were rejected during a careful filtering p...

New Zealand, unlike most countries, does not have a single national vertical datum. Instead, twelve separate and poorly linked primary levelling networks tied to twelve different tide gauges are used. The current vertical datums are based on the false assumption that mean sea level, measured at the twelve tide gauges, corresponds to the same equipotential surface. Due to the effects of long-per...

The Osbourn Trough is a 900 km long, east-west rending gravity low, visible in satellite altimetry data, which intersects the Tonga Trench at 25ø30'S. A recent survey collected gravity, magnetic, echo sounder, and swath bathymetry data on three adjacent, north-south trending ship tracks centered on the trough. The linear gravity low is 20-30 regal less than the regional value and is accompanied...

[1] We use monthly measurements of time-variable gravity from the GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite gravity mission to determine the ice mass-loss for the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets during the period between April 2002 and February 2009. We find that during this time period the mass loss of the ice sheets is not a constant, but accelerating with time, i.e., that ...

The magnitude and geographical distribution of the error in the Archiving, Validation and Interpretation of Satellite Oceanographic data (AVISO) altimetry data associated with tidal correction around Asian marginal seas has been revealed. The errors were evaluated by harmonic analysis of the AVISO corrected sea surface heights data (CorSSH). Errors of more than 15 cm of tidal correction were re...

Satellite altimeter is a remote sensing sensor providing an integrated picture of the atmosphere and oceans over large spatial temporal scales. Though principle obtaining range from sea surface simple, quite good number corrections have to be applied two way travel time. The various sources errors in measurements are described. potential applications meteorology oceanography also discussed.

Wind speed and significant wave height are the most relevant metocean variables that support a wide range of engineering economic activities. Their characterization through remote sensing estimations is required to compensate for shortage in situ observations. This study demonstrates value satellite altimetry identify typical spatial patterns wind northeastern region United States. Data from fi...

At the present time, ocean current is being operationally monitored mainly by combined use of numerical ocean nowcast/forecast models and satellite remote sensing data. Improvement in the accuracy of the ocean current nowcast/forecast requires additional measurements with higher spatial and temporal resolution as expected from the current observation network. Here we show feasibility of assimil...

In a recent study, a new method for assimilating observations has been proposed and applied to a small size nonlinear model. The assimilation is obtained by confining the analysis increment in the unstable subspace of the Observation-Analysis-Forecast (OAF) cycle system, in order to systematically eliminate the dynamically unstable components, present in the forecast error, which are responsibl...