Increasing environmental pressures, pollution and legislation in Europe are creating the urgent need for regional-catchment scale geological models to assess hydrogeological conditions and inform mathematical and numerical groundwater models. Geological models are especially important in areas with superficial deposits overlying key aquifers. These areas are often characterized by very complex ...

Relevant implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive with regard to mine water pollution of downstream water bodies requires pressure-impact assessment and catchment-scale economic optimisation of abatement measures. However, pressure-impact assessment is bound to be uncertain. This is because mine water pollution is often an unknown combination of pollution loads, from both known mine w...

Vegetables have a relatively high nitrogen requirement and at times growers apply too much fertilizer-N that contributes to ground and surface water pollution. Fertilization can be made more efficient by plant analysis. Plant tissue (petiole) nitrate testing is a way of monitoring the nitrogen condition of the crop during the growing season. This is an especially useful method as the petiole is...

Water pollution in South Asia is an alarming issue that has immersed recently. Developing countries, particularly those Asia, are fast adopting industrial control standards similar to developed countries. So both surface and groundwater already scarce however, individuals industries continue pollute the limited supply of water. On other hand, rivers more severe critical near urban stretches due...

This study quantifies and maps the water footprint (WF) of humanity at a high spatial resolution. It reports on consumptive use of rainwater (green WF) and ground and surface water (blue WF) and volumes of water polluted (gray WF). Water footprints are estimated per nation from both a production and consumption perspective. International virtual water flows are estimated based on trade in agric...

introduction the special regional and geographical characteristics of iran, the flowof streams with mediterranean regime, topographic status, and diversity of relieves have provided an extensive areafor the penetration of water into the ground. all of these factors together with the shortage of ground water reservoirs have enhanced the significance of ground water in iran. since the volume of g...

arsenic in ground water is a very serious environmental hazard of bangladesh and west bengal of india. the presence of high level of arsenic (