In the earlier papers (Series I to XI, 1965) the authors had already reported the success obtained in getting basidial stage of Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. isolates from potato, Colocasia and groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) and media as well as conditions under which these stages could be obtained. It is proposed to review these in this paper and discuss in detail the basidial stage of S. rolfsii a...

Jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) are important phytohormones involved in plant resistance against insect herbivory and pathogen infection. Application of JA and SA induces several defensive traits in plants. Here we investigated the effect of JA and SA on trichome density in five groundnut genotypes [ICGV 86699, ICGV 86031, ICG 2271, ICG 1697 (resistant) and JL 24 (susceptible)]. The ...

There is a need to incorporate nutrition into aspects of crop and water productivity to tackle food and nutrition insecurity (FNS). The study determined the nutritional water productivity (NWP) of selected major (groundnut, dry bean) and indigenous (bambara groundnut and cowpea) grain legumes in response to water regimes and environments. Field trials were conducted during 2015/16 and 2016/17 a...

The effect of cooking duration on the chemical, physical and thermal properties of bambara groundnut were investigated. The samples were analyzed for chemical composition, physical properties (length, width, and thickness, arithmetic mean, geometric mean, sphericity, surface area and aspect ratio) and thermal properties (specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity). Dat...

Brassica oilseed crops are grown all over the world, but aphids of cabbage, Brevicoryne brassicae L. and Turnip aphid Lipaphis erysimi Kalt, cause mischief to everywhere in world. A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Farm Area Airport Campus Ghazi University Dera Khan during mid-November 2019 test eco-friendly management methods for mustard aphids. The laid out a randomized complete...

This experiment investigated the effect of feeding different levels of sesame oil cake on the intake and digestibility of DM, CP, crude fiber, and crude fat in Awassi fattening lambs. Sesame oil cake was incorporated into lamhs’ rafions at levels of 10 and 20% to replace similar percentages of barley and soybean. The results showed that the high level of sesame oil cake inclusion decreased DM a...

components: Lexein (1 5 g), Difco malt extract (10 g), Cerelose (10g), soybean meal (10g), and lactose (15g) per liter of tap water; the pH was adjusted to 7.2 with 6 n NaOHprior to sterilization. Fermentations were conducted in NewBrunswick 14-liter fermenters containing 10 liters of mediumat 28°C, 250 rpm stirring speed and 2 liters/minute aeration rate, with foaming controlled by triggered a...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of rotor speed and screen size on power consumed during milling operation. The system tested using three fish feed ingredients; bone meal, groundnut cake maize. moisture contents ingredients bought from market are 13.1%, 14.7% 17.5% dry basis, respectively. machine evaluated with 3 kg each ingredient replicated times for experimental parameters. p...

This study aimed to analyze the economic feasibility of replacing soybean meal by sunflower cake in the diet of lambs. Twenty-eight non-castrated crossbred Suffolk lambs aged four months, with 21 kg average body weight ± 9 kg were used. These animals were distributed by weight category into 3 treatments (10, 20 and 30% dry matter (DM) addition of sunflower cake in replacing soybean meal) and co...

We consider a discrete-time dynamic game in which a finite number of players extract a non-renewable resource and derive consumption solely from the extracted amount (cake-eating game). Markov-perfect Nash equilibria can be constructed in this game not only if the players have time-preference factors that are smaller than 1, but also if these factors are equal to or even larger than 1. We demon...