Norplant® is the brand name of the world's first registered subdermal hormonal contraceptive implant, developed by the laboratories of the Population Council, an international organisation working in the area of fertility and population growth. The article revisits the trajectory of this contraceptive in Brazil from its arrival through clinical trials to its eventual ban in 1986 by the Brazilia...

The cardiac glycosides are a group of compounds isolated from plants and some animals. They have been used in therapy for heart failure for many years. The cytotoxic effect of many cardiac glycosides has been demonstrated, but the mechanism of action is very complicated and complex, and Na+/K+-ATPase surely plays a crucial role in it. On the other hand, Na+/K+-ATPase is regulated by many endoge...

Undernutrition among children is a major public health concern worldwide, more prevalent in Asia and Africa. It manifests itself in various forms such as wasting or stunting or underweight and retards physical and mental development, increases susceptibility to infection, and reduces educational attainment and productivity. The present study was undertaken to assess the level of wasting, stunti...

OBJECTIVE Paediatric clinical trials are often conducted as multinational trials. Informed consent or assent is part of the ethics committee approval for clinical trials. The consent requirements vary between countries due to national laws and regulations, which are not harmonised in Europe. These discrepancies can present challenges for paediatric clinical trials. The aim of this study was to ...

Abstract This research explores the compactness of apple varieties and forms with different types crown. Orchards on semi-vigorous rootstocks density high planting systems are cost-effective in modern horticulture. For making such gardens, it is necessary to have trees special compact crown shape. They ensure high-quality fruits production, meeting requirements world standards. To date most per...

The production of pharmaceuticals, a multi-billion dollar worldwide industry, is expected to see large economic growth in the coming years. However, stagnation in the development of new products has led the industry to search for other methods to achieve these economic goals. The change from batch processing practices to the continuous production seen in commodity chemicals industries is a way ...