Abstract At present, dental implant surgery mainly relies on the clinical experience of doctor and assistance preoperative medical imaging. However, there are some problems in surgery, such as narrow space, sight obstruction, inaccurate positioning, high requirements doctors' proficiency. Therefore, a robot system (DIRS) guided by optical navigation is developed this study, with an x-shaped too...

OBJECTIVE The authors performed a retrospective study to assess the accuracy and clinical benefits of a navigation coupled with O-arm® system guided method in the thoracic and lumbar spines by comparing with a C-arm fluoroscopy-guided method. METHODS Under the navigation guidance, 106 pedicle screws inserted from T7 to S1 in 24 patients, and using the fluoroscopy guidance, 204 pedicle screws ...