Background: The objective of this study was to assess the compliance of health care workers (HCWs) employed in Hajj in receiving the meningococcal, influenza, and hepatitis B vaccines. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of doctors and nurses working in all Mena and Arafat hospitals and primary health care centers who attended Hajj-medicine training programs immediately before the beginning of Ha...

Crowd safety is a major concern for those attending and managing mass gatherings, such as the annual Hajj or pilgrimage to Mecca (also called Makkah). One threat to crowd safety at such events is crowd density. However, recent research also suggests that psychological membership of crowds can have positive benefits. We tested the hypothesis that the effect of density on safety might vary depend...

the use of masks, considering compliance with this advice unlikely because many Muslims believe that covering the face during the Hajj is prohibited and because masks need to be of high quality and changed at least every 6 hours to remain effective (7). Recent studies demonstrated that surgical and N95 masks were equally effective in preventing spread of PCR-detectable infl uenza virus when use...

Performing the pilgrimage for Muslims is obligatory those who can afford it. This included in fifth pillar of Islam. The category being able means financially to bear all costs and physically mentally healthy. For Indonesian nation, whose population predominantly Muslim, has become a part people's lives. Because that, various ways methods have been developed be go Hajj from early days Islam unt...

We present the first reported case of systemic infection with Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W-135 sequence type (ST)-11 in Japan. A 44-year-old woman presented with high fever, sore throat, and fatigue and was diagnosed with N. meningitidis bacteremia. The causative strain was identified as serogroup W-135 ST-11 by polymerase chain reaction and multilocus sequence typing. Approximately 1 mon...

BACKGROUND Countries face conflicting incentives to report infectious disease outbreaks. Reports of outbreaks can prompt other countries to impose trade and travel restrictions, which has the potential to discourage reporting. However, reports can also bring medical assistance to contain the outbreak, including access to vaccines. METHODS We compiled data on reports of meningococcal meningiti...

Objective The Saudi government requires that all pilgrims receive a quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine at least 10 days before the Hajj. We conducted study to determine uptake of and antibiotic use. also investigated risk factors carriage Neisseria meningitidis pathogenic serogroups A, C, W Y. Methods A cross-sectional oropharyngeal survey was in 2973 Hajj September 2017. real-time polymerase c...