OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibodies among Montreal street youth. METHOD Anti-HAV antibody testing was performed on blood samples from a hepatitis B and C study conducted among street youth in 1995-96. RESULTS Among the 427 youth aged 14 to 25 years, prevalence of HAV antibodies was 4.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.9%-7.2%). A multivariate logistic...

The use of recombinant proteins may represent an alternative model to inactivated vaccines against hepatitis A virus (HAV). The present study aimed to express the VP1 protein of HAV in baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS). The VP1 was expressed intracellularly with molecular mass of 35 kDa. The VP1 was detected both in the soluble fraction and in the insoluble fraction of the lysate. The...

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) released from infected BS-C-1 cells was incompletely neutralized when incubated with a variety of convalescent sera (non-neutralizable fraction of 17 to 32%). Chloroform extraction of virus resulted in a substantial reduction of the non-neutralizable fraction (to less than 1%), suggesting that non-neutralizable virions might be associated with lipids. Non-neutralizable H...

A rapid and simple method was developed to detect enteroviruses and hepatitis A virus (HAV) in sewage and ocean water. Sewage samples were concentrated by Centriprep-100 and Centricon-100 at 1,000 x g. Samples collected from estuary and near-shore surf zone ocean water in Southern California were concentrated by vortex flow filtration and microconcentration. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase cha...

The persistence of antibody to hepatitis A antigen (anti-HAV) of the immunoglobulin M (IgM) class was evaluated in 88 sera of 51 acute hepatitis A patients. IgM was separated from IgG by a 2-h reorienting sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation, and the titer of anti-HAV was determined in the IgG- and IgM-containing fractions by solid-hase radioimmunoassay. IgM anti-HAV was the predominating antib...

The synthesis of 14S pentamers and 70S empty capsids of hepatitis A virus (HAV) has been accomplished by expressing the viral genome for periods of time longer than 4 h in Escherichia coli. HAV pentamers (14S) self-assembled into capsids (70S) in vitro. The antibodies induced by these structures recognized and neutralized HAV.

Background: Acute Viral Hepatitis (AVH) is a major health problem worldwide, with higher incidence in developing countries, like India. The most common cause of viral hepatitis specific group hepatic viruses A, B, C and E (HAV, HBV, HCV HEV). Their clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic to acute fulminant or chronic hepatitis. Exploring the etiological spectrum clinic-epidemiological p...

BACKGROUND Hallux abducto valgus (HAV) is one of the most common forefoot deformities in adulthood with a variable prevalence but has been reported as high as 48%. The study proposed that HAV development involves a skeletal parameter of the first metatarsal bone and proximal phalanx hallux (PPH) to determine if the length measurements of the metatarsal and PPH can be used to infer adult HAV. ...

ELISA in situ can be used to titrate hepatitis A virus (HAV) particles and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been shown to be a fast method to quantify the HAV genome. Precise quantification of viral concentration is necessary to distinguish between infectious and non-infectious particles. The purpose of this study was to compare cell culture and RT-PCR quantification results and...

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) was purified from MRC-5 human diploid cell cultures, inactivated with formalin, and evaluated for safety and immunogenicity in humans. Three vaccine formulations were produced: (a) a fluid preparation containing inactivated HAV, (b) inactivated HAV adsorbed to Al(OH)3, and (c) inactivated HAV coupled to novel immunopotentiating reconstituted influenza virosomes (IRIV). I...