background: tuberculosis (tb) is a major worldwide public health problem. the incidence of tuberculosis has decreased in iran in recent years. however, despite this dramatic decline, tuberculosis is still considered to be a major health problem in iran. objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological situation and main characteristics of tuberculosis in iran. patients a...

BACKGROUND In 2011, Tanzania adopted a policy for provision of daily co-trimoxazole prophylaxis to HIV-infected pregnant women for prevention of malaria and other opportunistic infections. As per the policy, HIV-infected pregnant women should not be given sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for intermittent preventive therapy. The challenges associated with this policy change and the extent to which...

We would like to point out some serious problems and contradictions in the study “Regulation of Conscientious Objection to Abortion: An International Comparative Multiple-Case Study,” by Wendy Chavkin, Laurel Swerdlow, and Jocelyn Fifield (Health and Human Rights Journal, vol. 19, no. 1, 2017). The study purports to show that it is possible to accommodate health care providers’ “conscientious o...

The Swiss health-care system (the second most expensive worldwide) is fragmented into 26 cantonal authorities for a population of 7.5 million. Cantons differ in policy, legislation and structure. Health insurance is compulsory although contributions vary greatly between cantons. A recent report by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) pointed out that weak governance ...

Peers, Neighborhoods and Immigrant Student Achievement: Evidence from a Placement Policy Immigrants typically perform worse than other students in the OECD countries. We examine to what extent this is due to the population characteristics of the neighborhoods that immigrants grow up in. We address this issue using a governmental refugee placement policy which provides exogenous variation in the...

Spending on hospital services has historically been one of the largest shares of total health care expenditures for the majority of countries in Europe and the developed world.1 According to the OECD, hospital spending on average accounted for approximately onethird of total current expenditure on health care in European OECD countries in 2008, ranging from 26.7% in Slovakia to 46.9% in Sweden ...

OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that economic recessions lead to reduced global development assistance for health (DAH). METHODS Data obtained from the Creditor Reporting System of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) for 15 OECD countries were used to model the percentage change (relative difference) in commitments and disbursements for DAH as a function of thre...

Interactions between Private and Public Sector Wages We examine the interactions between public and private sector wages per employee in OECD countries. The growth of public sector wages and of public sector employment positively affects the growth of private sector wages. Moreover, total factor productivity, the unemployment rate and the degree of urbanisation are also important determinants o...