Clinical and complementary examination, pathological findings, and outcome were reviewed for 25 heifers diagnosed with ventricular septal defect (VSD). Age at presentation ranged from 36 h to 21 mo. The most common reasons for consultation were chronic respiratory problems (11 cases; 44%) or assessment of heart murmur (5 cases; 20%). A pansystolic murmur on the right thoracic side was audible i...

The heart sounds of 20 patients with uinecomiplicated atrial septal defect have been analyzed, and the deviations from a normal control group were noted. Following complete closure of the defect 11 patients have been restudied, and the changes produced in the heart sounds by closure of the defect are discussed. By comparison of pre-operative and postoperative heart sounds and electrocardiograms...

A VENTRICULAR septal defect either as an isolated malformation or as part of nmany developmental complexes is the most common single developmental lesion of the heart. In an overwhelming percentage of cases, hearts bearing a ventricular septal defect whether or not other conditions are associated have no additional intracardiae lesion that causes obstruction to the normal egress of blood from t...

Eighty one children, comprising 51 with tetralogy of Fallot and 30 children with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) were assessed using the Wechsler intelligence scale for children--revised, and a battery of neuropsychological measures. They were compared with a group of 33 children who had surgery for ventricular septal defect. All children were aged over 10 years when reviewed and were...

A case of progressive pulmonary hypertension in a child with a small ventricular septal defect is presented. Natural history studies have indicated that children with small ventricular septal defects can be followed conservatively. This case represents a contradiction to that rule and suggests that further study must be directed toward defining the etiology of pulmonary hypertension in patients...

The Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) has become the device of choice for interventional closure of atrial septal defects (ASDs) in many institutions during the last decades. Although excellent results have been reported for the device, concerns have arisen about the long-term complications (1). Of these complications, thrombus formation was rarely seen after 1 year in patients (2–4). This is the...

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most frequent congenital heart disease in adults, with equal distribution in both sexes, and has an incidence of about 20% in children. In adults congenital VSDs represent about 10% of all cases and the mortality at age 60 is around 75%. For elderly patients >80 years old only one living case has been reported previously. Here we describe an 86-year-old pa...

Isolated secundum atrial septal defect is one of the most common congenital heart defects. Surgical closure is the treatment of choice but is associated with a chest scar, some morbidity and a relatively long recovery and the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defect is therefore an attractive approach. 3 children, aged 5-10 years, underwent successfu...

BACKGROUND Most non-chromosomal congenital heart defects are thought to be caused by the interaction of genetic factors involving multiple genes and environmental factors. Families that have several affected members have been reported, however, which suggests that a single autosomal dominant or recessive gene may cause the cardiac defects. A family in which atrioventricular septal defect seemed...

BACKGROUND/AIM Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a common birth defect. Many studies have reported GATA4 mutations in patients with CHD, mainly septal defects. This study aimed to investigate the GATA4 exon 1 mutation in Egyptian patients with isolated congenital heart defects as a possible causative mutation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Screening for mutations or any sequence variations in exon 1 ...