common yew (taxus baccata) is one of the native and extinguishing speices at northern forests of iran that is very important as a genetic reserve and, therefore, more studies are necessary for preservation and restoration of this rare forest speices. for having high value and complete preservation of gene structure, vegetative propagation is one of the suitable in use methods in this field. thi...

Research on foot orthotics is primarily restricted to their effect on the lower limb during running. Research is limited, however, on the potential of foot orthotics to control the mechanics of the foot during walking. The purpose of this study was to examine the interactive effect of foot orthotics and two walking speeds on the angular changes at the rearfoot, ankle, and knee, and temporal eve...

OBJECTIVE Identify the biological, social, and economic conditions influencing the knee height/stature index (KHSI) in growing individuals of Maya ancestry in the city of Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. METHODS The hypothesis was that KHSI values would be lower in subjects with two Maya surnames. This was tested by analyzing the effect of a series of environmental, biological, and socioeconomic vari...

Mechanical heel pain is one of the most frequent conditions presented to foot and ankle specialists. Plantar heel pain is responsible for the majority of mechanical heel pain cases. Plantar heel pain is defined as insertional heel pain of the plantar fascia with or without a heel spur (Fig. 1). The most common cause cited for plantar heel pain is biomechanical abnormalities that lead to patholo...

Knowledge of ergonomics/human factors plays an important role in the creation and design safety shoes insoles, contributing to worker protection, comfort, stability. The purpose this study is compare previous insole designs analyze plantar pressure gait pattern kinematics using Oxford foot model protocol. tests were performed comparing environments on three rockers gait, represented by heel, mi...

The purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of elevating the heel during unilateral weight-bearing on structure of the foot, especially a “flat” foot, and on function of the foot in maintaining balance. We examined 16 healthy women, 21 to 23 years of age, who stood unilaterally on the right foot with the heel elevated 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 40 mm. We measured height of the ...