OBJECTIVE Device- or technique-related air embolism is a drawback of various neuro-endovascular procedures. Detachable aneurysm embolization coils can be sources of such air bubbles. We therefore assessed the formation of air bubbles during in vitro delivery of various detachable coils. MATERIALS AND METHODS A closed circuit simulating a typical endovascular coiling procedure was primed with ...

A Bayesian-Kullback learning scheme, called Ying-Yang Machine, is proposed based on the two complement but equivalent Bayesian representations for joint density and their Kullback divergence. Not only the scheme unifies existing major supervised and unsupervised learnings, including the classical maximum likelihood or least square learning, the maximum information preservation, the EM & em algo...

Probabilistic computing forms a relatively new computational style, of significant practical interest because stochastic behaviour is common and must be taken into accountin in biological and other real-world processes. We examine a particular stochastic ANN architecture, the Helmholtz Machine, investigating its characteristics, with particular respect to its wake-sleep training algorithm, and ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms using platinum coils is effective, but uncommonly aneurysms recur. New-generation coils, such as Cerecyte, aim to address this problem. This study examines the safety and efficacy of these coils in the treatment of a cohort of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-seven patients with 68 aneurysms w...

The localization of effects from magnetic coil stimulation is not immediately obvious. We measured the magnetic fields produced by several different coils and compared the results with theoretical calculations. Magnetic stimuli were delivered from a Cadwell MES-10 magnetic stimulator using 3 circular coils (one 9 cm in diameter; two with an angulated extension, 5 and 9 cm in diameter) and twin ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms, a minimally invasive alternative to surgery, is too often followed by recanalization and recurrences. The purpose of this work was to assess if in situ beta radiation can inhibit recanalization after coil embolization. METHODS Radioactive platinum coils (32P-coils) were produced by ion implantation of 32P. A single-coil arte...

Children and their parents in residences are often protected by insecticides from nuisance and disease-bearing mosquitoes. The annual worldwide consumption of the four major types of residential insecticide products--aerosols, mosquito coils, liquid vaporizers, and vaporizing mats--is in the billions of units. Mosquito coils are burned indoors and outdoors in East Asia and to a limited extent i...